Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population
Placebo (N = 22) | Empagliflozin (N = 20) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age—years | 61.2 ± 7.9 | 62.8 ± 5.4 | 0.466 |
Male—no. (%) | 18 (81.8) | 16 (80) | 0.881 |
BMI—kg/m2 | 31.2 ± 4.0 | 31.4 ± 5.3 | 0.905 |
Systolic blood pressure—mmHg | 136 ± 18 | 135 ± 16 | 0.934 |
Diastolic blood pressure—mmHg | 81 ± 14 | 82 ± 13 | 0.964 |
Heart rate—bpm | 69 ± 15 | 71 ± 12 | 0.587 |
Type 2 diabetes | |||
Glycated hemoglobin—% | 7.9 ± 1.3 | 7.5 ± 0.9 | 0.228 |
Diabetes duration—years | 9 (6–18) | 10 (4–14) | 0.523 |
Insulin treated—no. (%) | 8 (36) | 11 (55) | 0.475 |
Metformin—no. (%) | 18 (82) | 13 (65) | 0.410 |
DPP-4 inhibitors—no. (%) | 6 (27) | 8 (40) | 0.552 |
Others—no. (%) | 1 (5) | 3 (15) | 0.308 |
History of CVD—no. (%) | |||
Coronary heart disease | 15 (68.2) | 15 (75) | 0.625 |
Myocardial infarction | 10 (45.5) | 5 (25) | 0.205 |
CABG | 4 (18.2) | 4 (20) | 0.881 |
PCI | 12 (54.5) | 10 (50) | 0.768 |
Peripheral artery disease | 2 (9.1) | 4 (20) | 0.313 |
Chronic heart failure—no. (%) | 11 (50) | 7 (35) | 0.327 |
Medication—no. (%) | |||
Antiplatelets | 16 (73) | 11 (55) | 0.975 |
Oral anticoagulants | 5 (23) | 6 (30) | 0.914 |
Diuretics | 10 (45) | 10 (50) | 0.549 |
Statins | 15 (68) | 15 (75) | 0.455 |
Calcium channel blockers | 5 (23) | 4 (20) | 0.637 |
Beta blockers | 16 (73) | 16 (80) | 0.345 |
RAAS inhibitors | 20 (91) | 15 (75) | 0.115 |
e GFR—mL/min/1.73 m2 | 88 ± 16 | 77 ± 21 | 0.076 |
Total cholesterol—mg/dL | 155 ± 39 | 169 ± 41 | 0.257 |
LDL-C—mg/dL | 95 ± 38 | 103 ± 36 | 0.522 |
HDL-C—mg/dL | 44 ± 9 | 43 ± 9 | 0.530 |
Triglycerides—mg/dL | 156 ± 71 | 245 ± 150 | 0.023 |