Association between adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein with left ventricular remodelling and diastolic function in type 2 diabetes: a prospective echocardiography study

Table 3 Multiple linear regression showing the association of change in left ventricular mass and average E/e′ with serum AFABP quartiles

	ΔLV mass (g)	P value	ΔAverage E/e′	P value
	Standardized β	P value	Standardized β	P value
Baseline cardiac parameters	− 0.18	< 0.05	− 0.29	< 0.01
AFABP quartiles
1st Quartile	Reference		Reference
2nd Quartile	0.53	< 0.01	− 0.28	0.18
3rd Quartile	0.40	0.05	− 0.15	0.48
4th Quartile	0.89	< 0.01	0.57	< 0.05
Age (years)	− 0.01	0.87	0.03	0.70
Sex	− 0.14	0.40	− 0.06	0.71
BMI (kg/m²)	− 0.01	0.96	− 0.04	0.59
Smoker	0.11	0.55	− 0.02	0.89
Hypertension	0.56	< 0.01	0.47	< 0.01
Dyslipidemia	0.13	0.41	0.32	< 0.05
CKD	− 0.46	< 0.05	− 0.02	0.93

Baseline cardiac parameters indicate baseline LVM (for change in LVM) and baseline average E/e′ (for change in average E/e′), respectively. Hypertension was defined as BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or the use of anti-hypertensive medications. Dyslipidemia was defined as fasting triglyceride ≥ 1.69 mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 1.04 mmol/L in men and < 1.29 mmol/L in women, low- density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 2.6 mmol/L, or the use of lipid-lowering medications. Chronic kidney disease was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²
AFABP, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; E, trans-mitral early diastolic peak velocity; e′, early diastolic peak velocity of mitral valve at septal or lateral annulus; LV, left ventricular

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