Distinct non-ischemic myocardial late gadolinium enhancement lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes

Table 2 Structural and functional findings

	Controls	T2DM without LGE	T2DM with ischemic LGE^a	T2DM with non-ischemic LGE	P-value^b	P-value^c
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
LV end-diastolic volume, mL	166 ± 39	149 ± 32	172 ± 50	151 ± 27	0.03	0.8
LV end-diastolic volume/BSA, mL/m²	83 ± 13	70 ± 13	79 ± 18	69 ± 12	< 0.0001	0.7
LV end-systolic volume, mL	63 ± 15	54 ± 17	79 ± 34	55 ± 22	0.0005	0.9
LV end-systolic volume/BSA, mL/m²	31 ± 6	25 ± 8	36 ± 14	25 ± 10	< 0.0001	0.8
LV mass, g	121 ± 25	133 ± 33	163 ± 52	150 ± 34^a	0.0003	0.02
LV mass/BSA, g/m²	60 ± 8	62 ± 13	75 ± 19	68 ± 13^a	0.0007	0.03
LV ejection fraction, %	62.3 ± 3.9	64.0 ± 6.4	55.5 ± 9.0	64.5 ± 9.6	< 0.001	0.8
LA volume, mL	104 IQR86.2–115.6	91 IQR75.2–100.0	106 IQR77.9–134.3	102 IQR84.6–115.2^a	0.002	0.049
LA volume/BSA, mL/m²	50 IQR47–54	41 IQR36–47	48 IQR37–59	43 IQR39–52	< 0.0001	0.15
LV ECV, %	26.1 ± 1.5	28.8 ± 2.7	32.2 ± 3.8	30.4 ± 3.1^a	< 0.0001	0.01
LV myocardial perfusion index	1.86 ± 0.17	1.37 ± 0.31	1.18 ± 0.26	1.49 ± 0.36	< 0.0001	0.2
Echocardiography
Lateral e′	11.8 ± 3.3	9.5 ± 2.7	9.7 ± 2.5	8.6 ± 1.8 ^a	0.0002	0.0496
Septal e′	7.4 ± 2.3	6.8 ± 1.9	5.8 ± 1.5	6.1 ± 1.6	0.009	0.2
E/A-ratio	1.21 IQR1.0–1.67	0.90 IQR0.77–1.12	0.86 IQR0.68–1.0	0.90 IQR0.77–1.15	< 0.0001	0.8
Average E/e′	8.3 IQR7.0–11.0	8.8 IQR7.4–10.7	10.2 IQR8.0–12.8	9.9 IQR8.7–12.6^a	0.04	0.04

Data presented as median and interquartile range (IQR) or as nominal values with percentages in parentheses
^aIncluding three patients with both ischemic and non-ischemic lesions
^bComparison between all three groups as appropriate
^cComparison between T2DM patients with non-ischemic LGE vs. T2DM patients without LGE

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