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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants by group and all sample

From: Impact of combined training with different exercise intensities on inflammatory and lipid markers in type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis from a 1-year randomized controlled trial

 

Intention to treat baseline values

Per-protocol baseline values

Control (n = 27)

MCT (n = 28)

HIIT (n = 25)

p-value

Control (n = 22)

MCT (n = 16)

HIIT (n = 13)

p-value

Age (years)

59.0 ± 8.1

59.7 ± 6.5

56.7 ± 8.3

0.575

60.8 ± 7.5

60.4 ± 6.8

58.9 ± 7.5

0.814

Woman, no (%)

48.1

53.6

40.0

0.612

50.0

56.3

30.8

0.367

Diabetes Diagnosis (years)

5.0 ± 3.0

8.0 ± 9.0

5.0 ± 6.0

0.086

4.5 ± 3.25

8.0 ± 9.0

6.0 ± 6.0

0.091

Hypertension medication (%)

48.1

50.0

52.0

0.579

54.5

37.5

53.8

0.538

Oral antidiabetic medication (%)

96.3

92.9

84.0

0.388

95.5

93.8

92.3

0.512

Lipid lower medication (%)

33.3

25.0

24.0

0.596

31.8

31.3

23.1

0.341

Weight (kg)

84.1 ± 15.8

82.7 ± 13.3

81.6 ± 16.8

0.906

85.9 ± 15.7

82.0 ± 13.8

84.2 ± 19.2

0.799

Height (cm)

165.5 ± 9.4

163.2 ± 8.4

164.8 ± 8.1

0.545

164.2 ± 9.5

162.9 ± 9.2

166.6 ± 8.1

0.615

BMI (kg/m2)

30.7 ± 5.0

31.1 ± 5.0

30.1 ± 5.7

0.722

31.7 ± 4.7

31.0 ± 5.5

30.2 ± 5.9

0.506

WC (cm)

103.0 ± 12.4

103.8 ± 11.3

102.7 ± 14.3

0.914

105.4 ± 11.2

103.5 ± 12.2

103.3 ± 15.8

0.946

WB Fat Index (kg/m2)

10.5 ± 3.3

11.0 ± 3.4

10.0 ± 3.9

0.725

11.2 ± 2.9

11.0 ± 3.4

10.1 ± 3.9

0.662

AFI (kg/m2)

1.0 ± 0.4

1.1 ± 0.4

1.0 ± 0.4

0.680

1.1 ± 0.3

1.1 ± 0.4

1.0 ± 0.4

0.843

MVPA (min/day)

18.4 ± 26.4

30.5 ± 4.8

38.9 ± 29.4

0.008*

15.9 ± 23.1

38.1 ± 41.6

38.9 ± 30.1

0.012*

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

49.7 ± 20.7

53.2 ± 22.7

49.0 ± 12.3

0.545

48.1 ± 16.7

47.2 ± 22.1

50.8 ± 12.6

0.828

HbA1c (%)

7.4 ± 1.8

7.4 ± 1.9

7.0 ± 1.1

0.545

6.9 ± 1.1

6.9 ± 1.6

6.9 ± 0.9

0.828

VO2peak (ml/kg/min)

25.9 ± 5.5

24.1 ± 3.2

27.1 ± 6.3

0.143

25.1 ± 5.6

23.9 ± 3.7

26.6 ± 5.3

0.345

  1. AFI android fat index, BMI body mass index, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, HIIT high-intensity interval training, MCT moderate continuous training, MVPA moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, WC waist circumference, WBFI whole-body fat index
  2. *Differences between group baseline values (p < 0.05)
  3. †Skewed values are presented as median ± inter quartile range