Chronic kidney disease and undiagnosed atrial fibrillation in individuals with diabetes

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the participants with and without chronic kidney disease

Characteristic	No (%) Total participants with diabetes (N = 608)		P
	Non-chronic kidney disease group	Chronic kidney disease group
	(N = 512)	(N = 96)
Age, mean (SD), y	70.4 (6.8)	73.2 (6.0)	< 0.001
CHA₂DS₂-VAS_C score, mean (SD)^a	3.09 (1.43)	3.69 (1.34)	< 0.001
Men	356 (69.5)	58 (60.4)	0.052
Atrial fibrillation	12 (2.3)	7 (7.3)	0.02
Atrial fibrillation by claim	8 (1.6)	6 (6.3)	0.014
Beta blocker	101 (19.7)	14 (14.6)	0.149
Digoxin	3 (0.6)	0 (0)	0.597
Comorbidities
Hypertension	475 (92.8)	94 (97.9)	0.038
Obesity^b	125 (24.4)	20 (20.8)	0.269
Heart failure	23 (4.5)	12 (12.5)	0.004
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	29 (5.7)	11 (11.5)	0.036
Stroke	65 (12.7)	8 (8.3)	0.149
Prior myocardial infarction	27 (5.3)	9 (9.4)	0.097
Sleep apnea	143 (27.9)	28 (29.2)	0.446

Results are expressed as frequencies (percentage) and mean values (standard deviation) as appropriate
CHA₂DS₂-VAS_C, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years (doubled), diabetes, stroke/transient ischemic attack/thromboembolism (doubled), vascular disease (prior myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, or aortic plaque), age 65–75 years, sex category (female)
^aCHA₂DS₂-VAS_C score is a clinical prediction score for estimating the risk of stroke in individuals with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. An individual’s score can range from 0 to 9, with a high score associated with higher risk. Components include congestive heart failure (1 point); hypertension (1 point); age 75 years (2 points); diabetes (1 point); prior stroke or transient ischemic attack (2 points); vascular disease (1 point); age 65–74 years (1 point); and sex category (female;1 point)
^bObesity is defined through the Health Profile Database using a combination of a data types including a documented body mass index of 30 or greater and/or an obesity-related diagnosis or procedure (e.g., bariatric surgery)

ISSN: 1475-2840