Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study population according to TyG index

N

1180

1179

1179

1180

Age (years)

66.93 ± 9.38

65.30 ± 9.48

63.86 ± 9.16

61.56 ± 9.07

< 0.001

Male, n (%)

765 (64.83)

588 (49.87)

493 (41.82)

500 (42.37)

< 0.001

Education, n (%)

< 0.001

 < High school

1080 (91.53)

1079 (91.52)

1061 (89.99)

1030 (87.29)

 ≥ High school

100 (8.47)

100 (8.48)

118 (10.01)

150 (12.71)

BMI (kg/m²)

21.43 ± 3.04

22.71 ± 3.35

23.85 ± 3.31

24.95 ± 3.23

< 0.001

Waist circumference (cm)

77.05 ± 8.85

80.74 ± 9.29

83.69 ± 8.85

86.78 ± 8.43

< 0.001

Physical activity, n (%)

0.283

 Mild

610 (51.69)

625 (53.01)

642 (54.45)

651 (55.17)

 Moderate

293 (24.83)

258 (21.88)

273 (23.16)

275 (23.31)

 Vigorous

277 (23.47)

296 (25.11)

264 (22.39)

254 (21.53)

SBP (mmHg)

147.10 ± 20.54

147.45 ± 19.01

147.26 ± 16.91

147.93 ± 17.39

0.717

DBP (mmHg)

87.79 ± 14.53

88.85 ± 13.80

89.00 ± 10.59

91.05 ± 10.82

<0.001

Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)

5.36 ± 0.60

5.71 ± 0.71

6.05 ± 0.99

6.93 ± 2.09

< 0.001

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.58 ± 0.89

5.04 ± 0.93

5.39 ± 1.04

5.57 ± 1.23

< 0.001

Triglyceride (mmol/L)

0.80 ± 0.16

1.21 ± 0.18

1.71 ± 0.30

3.24 ± 1.65

< 0.001

Serum uric acid, ummol/L

407.56 ± 111.40

415.11 ± 117.35

432.64 ± 119.33

468.18 ± 125.63

< 0.001

Serum homocysteine, μmol/L

18.79 ± 11.99

19.34 ± 12.78

18.24 ± 11.70

17.72 ± 10.27

0.006

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.63 ± 0.43

1.55 ± 0.39

1.47 ± 0.35

1.34 ± 0.36

< 0.001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.43 ± 0.58

2.82 ± 0.64

3.16 ± 0.75

3.34 ± 0.84

< 0.001

eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m²)

85.63 ± 19.62

86.00 ± 19.25

86.88 ± 18.28

87.77 ± 19.39

0.017

TyG index

8.11 ± 0.23

8.59 ± 0.11

8.99 ± 0.12

9.68 ± 0.41

< 0.001

Current smoking, n (%)

455 (38.56)

322 (27.31)

276 (23.41)

294 (24.92)

< 0.001

Current drinking, n (%)

359 (30.42)

291 (24.68)

249 (21.12)

282 (23.90)

< 0.001

Self-reported diabetes, n (%)

26 (2.20)

37 (3.14)

47 (3.99)

122 (10.34)

< 0.001

Antihypertensive drugs, n (%)

657 (55.68)

710 (60.22)

721 (61.15)

731 (61.95)

0.009

Antiplatelet drugs, n (%)

18 (1.53)

29 (2.46)

29 (2.46)

20 (1.69)

0.226