Major adverse cardiovascular and limb events in patients with diabetes and concomitant peripheral artery disease treated with sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor

Table 2 Number of events, event rates, and hazard ratio (HR) among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant peripheral artery disease (PAD) using sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) after propensity score matching

	SGLT2i		DPP4i		Cox model
	(n = 11,431)		(n = 11,431)		Cox model
Clinical outcome	Number	Incidence rate (per 100 PYs)	Number	Incidence rate (per 100 PYs)	HR (95% CI)	p value
Ischemic stroke (IS)	96	1.26	120	1.54	0.81 (0.62–1.06)	0.1213
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)	50	0.66	60	0.77	0.84 (0.58–1.23)	0.3702
Congestive heart failure (CHF)	73	0.96	111	1.43	0.66 (0.49–0.89)	0.0062
Lower limb ischemia requiring revascularization	74	0.97	103	1.32	0.73 (0.54–0.98)	0.0367
Lower limb amputation	41	0.54	96	1.23	0.43 (0.30–0.62)	< 0.0001
All-cause mortality	243	3.19	425	5.44	0.58 (0.49–0.67)	< 0.0001
Cardiovascular mortality	69	0.91	104	1.33	0.67 (0.49–0.90)	0.0089
Safety outcome
Urinary tract infection	331	4.42	297	3.87	1.13 (0.96–1.32)	0.1367
Bone fracture	76	1.00	71	0.91	1.08 (0.78–1.50)	0.6284

AMI acute myocardial infarction, CHF congestive heart failure, CI confidence interval, DDP4i dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, HR hazard ratio, IS ischemic stroke, PAD peripheral artery disease, PSM propensity score matching, PYs person-years, SGLT2i sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, T2DM type-2 diabetes mellitus

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