Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients with concomitant type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) treated with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) before and after propensity score matching (PSM)
Before PSM | After PSM | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SGLT2i | DPP4i | ASMD | SGLT2i | DPP4i | ASMD | |
(n = 12,355) | (n = 93,972) | (n = 11,431) | (n = 11,431) | |||
Baseline characteristics | ||||||
Age (years) | ||||||
Mean | 64.3 ± 10.6 | 70.5 ± 11.3 | 0.5639 | 64.7 ± 10.7 | 65.1 ± 14.5 | 0.0331 |
 < 65 | 6188 (50.08%) | 27900 (29.69%) | 0.5385 | 5487 (48.00%) | 5662 (49.53%) | 0.0716 |
65–74 | 3990 (32.29%) | 29360 (31.24%) | 3789 (33.15%) | 3677 (32.17%) | ||
75–84 | 1861 (15.06%) | 26506 (28.21%) | 1839 (16.09%) | 1791 (15.67%) | ||
≧ 85 | 316 (2.56%) | 10206 (10.86%) | 316 (2.76%) | 301 (2.63%) | ||
Male | 6167 (49.92%) | 44738 (47.61%) | 0.0462 | 5603 (49.02%) | 5660 (49.51%) | 0.0100 |
Chronic lung disease | 376 (3.04%) | 3852 (4.10%) | 0.0569 | 339 (2.97%) | 344 (3.01%) | 0.0026 |
Chronic kidney disease | 3276 (26.52%) | 37701 (40.12%) | 0.2917 | 3117 (27.27%) | 2997 (26.22%) | 0.0237 |
Congestive heart failure | 407 (3.29%) | 5279 (5.62%) | 0.1128 | 354 (3.10%) | 351 (3.07%) | 0.0015 |
Hypertension | 10530 (85.23%) | 84307 (89.72%) | 0.1358 | 9779 (85.55%) | 9730 (85.12%) | 0.0121 |
Dyslipidemia | 11062 (89.53%) | 80720 (85.90%) | 0.1110 | 10208 (89.30%) | 10199 (89.22%) | 0.0025 |
Previous stroke | 1159 (9.38%) | 14043 (14.94%) | 0.1708 | 1102 (9.64%) | 1.036 (9.06%) | 0.0198 |
Ischemic heart disease | 2595 (21.00%) | 18827 (20.03%) | 0.0240 | 2176 (19.04%) | 2172 (19.00%) | 0.0009 |
Gout | 3823 (30.94%) | 32206 (34.27%) | 0.0711 | 3562 (31.16%) | 3532 (30.90%) | 0.0057 |
Malignancy | 826 (6.69%) | 8644 (9.20%) | 0.0930 | 776 (6.79%) | 782 (6.84%) | 0.0021 |
History of bleeding | 96 (0.78%) | 1639 (1.74%) | 0.0868 | 95 (0.83%) | 86 (0.75%) | 0.0089 |
PCI | 1570 (12.71%) | 11113 (11.83%) | 0.0269 | 1277 (11.17%) | 1256 (10.99%) | 0.0059 |
CABG | 296 (2.40%) | 2547 (2.71%) | 0.0199 | 253 (2.21%) | 267 (2.34%) | 0.0082 |
History of diabetic ulcer | 161 (1.30%) | 2117 (2.25%) | 0.0719 | 148 (1.29%) | 183 (1.60%) | 0.0256 |
Baseline medications | ||||||
Use of APT | 5506 (44.56%) | 41766 (44.45%) | 0.0024 | 4969 (43.47%) | 4903 (42.89%) | 0.0117 |
Use of NSAIDs | 3516 (28.46%) | 25954 (27.62%) | 0.0187 | 3299 (28.86%) | 3260 (28.52%) | 0.0075 |
Use of PPI | 859 (6.95%) | 8454 (9.00%) | 0.0755 | 820 (7.17%) | 781 (6.83%) | 0.0134 |
Use of ACEI/ARB | 7970 (64.51%) | 57265 (60.94%) | 0.0739 | 7299 (63.85%) | 7305 (63.91%) | 0.0011 |
Use of amiodarone | 202 (1.63%) | 2564 (2.73%) | 0.0749 | 197 (1.72%) | 205 (1.79%) | 0.0053 |
Use of dronedarone | 14 (0.11%) | 145 (0.15%) | 0.0112 | 9 (0.08%) | 13 (0.11%) | 0.0113 |
Use of beta-blocker | 4703 (38.07%) | 34399 (36.61%) | 0.0302 | 4222 (36.93%) | 4166 (36.44%) | 0.0102 |
Use of verapamil/diltiazem | 688 (5.57%) | 5454 (5.80%) | 0.0102 | 615 (5.38%) | 601 (5.26%) | 0.0055 |
Use of digoxin | 247 (2.00%) | 2125 (2.26%) | 0.0182 | 220 (1.92%) | 220 (1.92%) | 0.0000 |
Use of statin | 8469 (68.55%) | 51472 (54.77%) | 0.2862 | 7609 (66.56%) | 7651 (66.93%) | 0.0078 |
Use of metformin | 6910 (55.93%) | 33242 (35.37%) | 0.4217 | 6403 (56.01%) | 6484 (56.72%) | 0.0143 |
Use of sulfonylurea | 8282 (67.03%) | 50171 (53.39%) | 0.2815 | 7630 (66.75%) | 7751 (67.81%) | 0.0226 |
Use of glinide | 811 (6.56%) | 11886 (12.65%) | 0.2076 | 785 (6.87%) | 753 (6.59%) | 0.0112 |
Use of acarbose | 2194 (17.76%) | 12488 (13.29%) | 0.1236 | 1889 (16.53%) | 1870 (16.36%) | 0.0045 |
Use of glitazone | 2617 (21.18%) | 9538 (10.15%) | 0.3071 | 2244 (19.63%) | 2305 (20.16%) | 0.0134 |
Use of insulin | 3841 (31.09%) | 26103 (27.78%) | 0.0727 | 3433 (30.03%) | 3326 (29.10%) | 0.0205 |
Use of loop diuretics | 1286 (10.41%) | 14791 (15.74%) | 0.1586 | 1191 (10.42%) | 1170 (10.24%) | 0.0060 |
Use of MRA | 663 (5.37%) | 5025 (5.35%) | 0.0008 | 592 (5.18%) | 617 (5.40%) | 0.0098 |
Use of ARNI | 16 (0.13%) | 28 (0.03%) | 0.0353 | 7 (0.06%) | 10 (0.09%) | 0.0096 |