Table 1 Characteristics of study participants

Male

56.3%

47.1%

0.052

54.5%

44.3%

0.003

Age, years

61.5 (10.8)

52.1 (11.8)

< 0.001

57.1 (11.3)

50.1 (11.4)

< 0.001

Waist circumference, cm

102.5 (13.0)

90.8 (13.3)

< 0.001

97.3 (11.7)

88.4 (12.2)

< 0.001

Height, cm

168.2 (9.4)

169.7 (9.5)

0.067

168.8 (9.5)

170.2 (9.6)

0.032

Actual hypertension

53.8%

26.5%

< 0.001

42.1%

20.3%

< 0.001

Parental diabetes history

0.010

< 0.001

  At least 1 parent

30.3%

23.3%

29.3%

21.4%

  Unknown

21.0%

14.2%

21.8%

12.8%

  No diabetic parents

48.7%

62.5%

48.9%

65.8%

Physically inactive

49.6%

39.3%

0.027

43.2%

37.2%

0.034

Smoking status

0.011

0.865

  Current

10.1%

17.5%

18.1%

18.4%

  Former

34.5%

40.2%

36.8%

39.6%

  Never

55.5%

42.3%

45.1%

42.0%

Ratio of total cholesterol/HDL

4.70 (1.21)

3.97 (1.14)

< 0.001

4.35 (1.20)

3.83 (1.09)

<  0.001

Triglycerides, mmol/l^e

1.57 (1.68)

1.10 (1.71)

< 0.001

1.30 (1.71)

1.02 (1.67)

< 0.001

MR-proANP, pmol/l^e

63.6 (1.7)

57.8 (1.6)

0.026

62.7 (1.6)

56.3 (1.6)

< 0.001

Copeptin, pmol/l^e,f

6.29 (3.45)

5.19 (3.65)

0.225

7.22 (3.25)

4.93 (3.65)

< 0.001

CT-proET-1, pmol/l^f

48.9 (9.6)

44.4 (11.6)

< 0.001

48.2 (13.6)

43.1 (10.9)

< 0.001

MR-proADM, nmol/l^e,f

0.55 (1.24)

0.47 (1.26)

< 0.001

0.52 (1.27)

0.46 (1.25)

< 0.001