Table 1 Clinical and biochemical parameters for control subjects and diabetic patients, according to quartile of ANGPTL8 levels
Characteristics | Control (ANGPTL8, pg/mL) | p value | Diabetes (ANGPTL8, pg/mL) | p value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (< 372.15) | Q2 (372.15–537.58) | Q3 (537.59–74.09) | Q4 (> 746.09) | Q1 (< 347.15) | Q2 (347.15–534.23) | Q3 (534.24–810.50) | Q4 (> 810.50) | |||
N | 192 | 193 | 192 | 192 | Â | 192 | 193 | 192 | 192 | Â |
ANGPTL8 (pg/ml) | 261.28 (188.24–317.25) | 432.03 (403.26–476.68) | 623.40 (573.62–690.53) | 959.43 (850.77–1143.01) |  < 0.001 | 256.45 (189.45–300.93) | 462.97 (406.66–496.93) | 642.52 (586.97–729.70) | 1009.54 (893.07–1268.33) |  < 0.001 |
Age (years) | 54.44 \(\pm\) 9.03 | 56.97 \(\pm\) 8.75 | 59.54 \(\pm\) 8.91 | 64.87 \(\pm\) 9.82 |  < 0.001 | 59.14 \(\pm\) 9.56 | 58.30 \(\pm\) 9.37 | 61.33 \(\pm\) 9.21 | 63.57 \(\pm\) 9.16 |  < 0.001 |
Male (%) | 47 (24.5) | 59 (30.6) | 68 (35.4) | 92 (47.9) |  < 0.001 | 40 (20.8) | 59 (30.6) | 68 (35.4) | 99 (51.6) |  < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.39Â \(\pm\)Â 3.16 | 23.05Â \(\pm\)Â 3.03 | 23.35Â \(\pm\)Â 2.93 | 23.71Â \(\pm\)Â 3.21 | 0.24 | 24.37Â \(\pm\)Â 3.50 | 24.79Â \(\pm\)Â 3.44 | 24.10Â \(\pm\)Â 3.23 | 23.62Â \(\pm\)Â 3.67 | 0.009 |
WHR | 0.84 (0.80–0.88) | 0.85 (0.81–0.89) | 0.85 (0.81–0.90) | 0.87 (0.83–0.90) | 0.005 | 0.88 (0.85–0.91) | 0.88 (0.84–0.93) | 0.88 (0.84–0.92) | 0.88 (0.84–0.91) | 0.53 |
SBP | 139 (127–156) | 145 (129–162) | 146 (130–164) | 151 (135–168) |  < 0.001 | 150 (136–168) | 149 (135–166) | 155 (138–173) | 154 (137–173) | 0.33 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.50 (5.30–5.80) | 5.50 (5.30–5.70) | 5.60 (5.40–5.80) | 5.60 (5.40–5.90) | 0.003 | 6.50 (5.80–7.70) | 6.50 (5.85–8.15) | 6.55 (5.90–8.15) | 6.40 (5.73–7.80) | 0.62 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 5.04 (4.75–5.34) | 5.02 (4.77–5.28) | 5.00 (4.72–5.26) | 5.06 (4.80–5.31) | 0.39 | 7.18 (5.95–8.13) | 7.26 (6.19–9.02) | 7.37 (6.05–8.98) | 7.35 (5.98–8.66) | 0.38 |
2 h PG (mmol/L) | 5.72 (4.92–6.42) | 5.83 (5.01–6.56) | 5.72 (4.91–6.44) | 5.84 (5.20–6.63) | 0.18 | 11.38 (7.93–13.72) | 12.17 (7.77–15.70) | 12.12 (8.31–14.38) | 12.06 (9.24–15.74) | 0.09 |
Fasting insulin (pmol/mL) | 5.00 (3.50–7.08) | 4.80 (3.20–6.90) | 4.80 (3.40–7.10) | 4.80 (3.40–7.00) | 0.58 | 6.80 (4.30–12.50) | 7.10 (4.25–10.95) | 6.85 (4.40–10.45) | 6.15 (3.63–11.18) | 0.48 |
HOMA-IR | 1.19 (0.77–1.62) | 1.09 (0.70–1.52) | 1.06 (0.74–1.59) | 1.06 (0.77–1.59) | 0.72 | 2.24 (1.41–4.04) | 2.39 (1.33–4.13) | 2.42 (1.34–3.98) | 2.17 (1.15–4.00) | 0.59 |
HOMA-\(\beta\)(%) | 66.221 (45.56–89.32) | 61.76 (44.59–91.01) | 70.91 (44.32–100.00) | 59.98 (42.72–84.54) | 0.20 | 41.76 (23.60–73.88) | 38.76 (18.13–73.84) | 36.27 (22.39–63.55) | 36.14(17.70–65.55) | 0.31 |
Fasting HDL (mmol/L) | 1.37 (1.14–1.60) | 1.38 (1.17–1.60) | 1.36 (1.15–1.61) | 1.34 (1.13–1.61) | 0.94 | 1.44 (1.24–1.70) | 1.35 (1.17–1.61) | 1.35 (1.16–1.58) | 1.32 (1.11–1.62) | 0.03 |
Fasting LDL (mmol/L) | 2.43 (2.06–2.96) | 2.58 (2.11–3.06) | 2.59 (2.10–3.06) | 2.62 (2.17–3.04) | 0.25 | 2.93 (2.37–3.64) | 2.97 (2.36–3.54) | 3.03 (2.42–3.61) | 2.83 (2.25–3.50) | 0.20 |
Fasting TG (mmol/L) | 1.19 (0.87–1.63) | 1.18 (0.90–1.73) | 1.16 (0.86–1.74) | 1.23 (0.89–1.74) | 0.45 | 1.46 (1.04–2.17) | 1.46 (0.95–2.10) | 1.49 (1.07–2.08) | 1.49 (1.00–2.55) | 0.67 |
Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.58 (3.92–5.24) | 4.67 (4.15–5.30) | 4.61 (4.08–5.37) | 4.86 (4.19–5.44) | 0.10 | 5.16 (4.57–6.16) | 5.13 (4.47–5.85) | 5.14 (4.48–5.90) | 5.10 (4.38–5.98) | 0.78 |
ALT (U/L) | 13 (10–18) | 13 (10–17) | 14 (11–18) | 14 (10–18) | 0.48 | 12 (9–18) | 13 (10–19) | 14 (10–21) | 14 (10–22) | 0.05 |
AST (U/L) | 21 (17–25) | 23 (19–26) | 23 (20–27) | 23 (20–28) |  < 0.001 | 20 (17–26) | 21 (17–26) | 21 (17–28) | 23 (18–31) | 0.007 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 119.54 (107.40–134.39) | 119.41 (105.77–130.13) | 116.88 (101.22–128.33) | 108.12 (92.58–122.90) |  < 0.001 | 113.51 (100.39–120.63) | 111.67 (100.23–120.27) | 108.58 (97.16–119.44) | 106.71 (90.35–118.79) | 0.008 |
Creatinine (μmol/L) | 58.10 (52.33–64.85) | 58.50 (53.40–64.45) | 61.05 (55.43–66.83) | 65.45 (57.18–72.98) |  < 0.001 | 60.80 (55.90–65.48) | 62.00 (56.90–68.05) | 63.10 (58.13–69.05) | 66.60 (59.85–74.68) |  < 0.001 |
Currently smoking | 19 (10.2) | 36 (18.8) | 20 (10.6) | 43 (23.0) | 0.001 | 15 (8.7) | 20 (10.9) | 29 (16.1) | 50 (26.5) |  < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 96 (50.0) | 119 (61.7) | 122 (63.5) | 141 (73.4) |  < 0.001 | 143 (74.5) | 142 (73.6) | 146 (76) | 152 (79.2) | 0.59 |
Hyperlipidaemia | 62 (32.2) | 69 (35.8) | 72 (37.0) | 85 (44.3) | 0.10 | 113 (58.9) | 105 (54.4) | 93 (48.4) | 124 (64.6) | 0.01 |