Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the subjects

General characteristics

 Male, n (%)

1

 Age, years: mean (SD)

0.2

 BMI, kg/m²: mean (SD)^a

< 0.001

Cardiovascular risk factors

 Hypertension, n (%)^b

0.013

 Dyslipidemia, n (%)^c

< 0.0001

 Coronary disease, n (%)^d

0.05

 Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min: mean (SD)^e

0.2

 Renal failure, n (%)^e

0.2

 Severe renal failure, n (%)^e

1

 Tobacco use (current or stopped for less than 3 years), n (%)^f

0.6

Diabetes characteristics

 HbA_1c, mmol/mol: median (IQR)^g

NA

 HbA_1c, %: median (IQR)^g

NA

 Diabetes duration, years: median (IQR)^h

 Insulin use, n (%)

 Neuropathy, n (%)ⁱ

 Nephropathy, n (%)^j

 Retinopathy, n (%)^k