Fig. 3

Associations between abdominal obesity indices and the prevalence of DR. Logistic regression analyses were used for the association between the abdominal obesity index and the prevalence of DR. The model was adjusted for age, sex, education, duration of diabetes, current smoking, BMI, HbA1c, LDL and systolic blood pressure. DR diabetic retinopathy, BMI body mass index, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, NC neck circumference, VAI visceral adiposity index, LAP the lipid accumulation product, WC waist circumference, CVAI Chinese visceral adiposity index, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, LDL low-density lipoprotein