Fig. 2

Associations between abdominal obesity indices and the prevalence of DKD. a Associations between abdominal obesity indices and the prevalence of DKD. b Associations between abdominal obesity indices and Ln ACR level. c Associations between abdominal obesity indices and eGFR level. Logistic regression analyses were used for the association of the abdominal obesity index with DKD. Linear regression analysis was used for the associations of the abdominal obesity index with Ln ACR and eGFR, respectively. ¹The model was adjusted for age, education, duration of diabetes, current smoking, BMI, HbA1c, LDL and systolic blood pressure. ²The model was adjusted for education, duration of diabetes, current smoking, BMI, HbA1c, LDL and systolic blood pressure. Ln ACR log-transformed albumin to creatinine ratio; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, DKD diabetic kidney disease, BMI body mass index, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, NC neck circumference, VAI visceral adiposity index, LAP the lipid accumulation product, WC waist circumference, CVAI Chinese visceral adiposity index, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, LDL low-density lipoprotein