Table 2 Characteristics of the concordance/discordance groups according to low or high FPG and TyG index categories
FBG/TyGa | Total | Low/Low | Low/High | High/Low | High/High | P value†|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Concordance/discordance groups | ||||||
 N (%) | 9285 (100) | 3194 (34.4) | 1446 (15.6) | 1444 (15.6) | 3201 (34.5) | – |
 Age, year | 59.9 ± 10.05 | 60.1 ± 10.15 | 57 ± 10.57 | 62.6 ± 9.28 | 59.7 ± 9.68 | < 0.001 |
 Male, n (%) | 6996 (75.3) | 2505 (78.4) | 1083 (74.9) | 1108 (76.7) | 2300(71.9) | < 0.001 |
 BMI, kg/m2 | 26.2 ± 9.21 | 25.7 ± 9.24 | 26.7 ± 3.25 | 25.8 ± 9.57 | 26.8 ± 10.72 | < 0.001 |
 Heart rate, bpm | 72 ± 12.72 | 70.6 ± 11.35 | 72 ± 12.05 | 71.3 ± 14.61 | 73.6 ± 13.2 | < 0.001 |
 SBP, mmHg | 128.6 ± 20.86 | 128.1 ± 20.39 | 127.8 ± 21.92 | 129 ± 21.19 | 129.1 ± 20.68 | 0.1 |
Medical history and risk factors, n (%) | ||||||
 Current smoker | 3497 (37.7) | 1211 (37.9) | 581 (40.2) | 485 (33.6) | 1220 (38.1) | 0.002 |
 Hypertension | 6104 (65.7) | 1957 (61.3) | 943 (65.2) | 976 (67.6) | 2228 (69.6) | < 0.001 |
 Diabetes | 4074 (43.9) | 444 (13.9) | 230 (15.9) | 905 (62.7) | 2495 (77.9) | < 0.001 |
 Dyslipidaemia | 7131 (76.8) | 2386 (74.7) | 1143 (79) | 1073 (74.3) | 2529 (79) | < 0.001 |
 Previous MI | 1156 (12.5) | 364 (11.4) | 148 (10.2) | 179 (12.4) | 465 (14.5) | < 0.001 |
 Previous stroke | 485 (5.2) | 153 (4.8) | 55 (3.8) | 96 (6.6) | 181 (5.7) | 0.003 |
 Previous PCI | 2264 (24.4) | 722 (22.6) | 307 (21.2) | 349 (24.2) | 886 (27.7) | < 0.001 |
 Previous CABG | 220 (2.4) | 61 (1.9) | 35 (2.4) | 39 (2.7) | 85 (2.7) | 0.191 |
Laboratory tests | ||||||
 FPG, mmol/L | 7.1 ± 2.61 | 5.3 ± 0.49 | 5.5 ± 0.45 | 7.4 ± 1.29 | 9.4 ± 2.99 | < 0.001 |
 HbA1C, % | 6.6 ± 1.39 | 5.9 ± 0.68 | 5.9 ± 0.63 | 6.8 ± 1.22 | 7.6 ± 1.59 | < 0.001 |
 TC, mmol/L | 4.1 ± 1.07 | 4 ± 1 | 4.5 ± 1.09 | 3.8 ± 0.92 | 4.3 ± 1.09 | < 0.001 |
 TG, mmol/L | 1.43 (1.03–2.07) | 1.12 (0.86–1.38) | 2.29 (1.96–2.83) | 0.95 (0.76–1.1275) | 1.9 (1.49–2.62) | < 0.001 |
 HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.1 ± 0.25 | 1.1 ± 0.27 | 1 ± 0.22 | 1.1 ± 0.26 | 1 ± 0.22 | < 0.001 |
 LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.4 ± 0.88 | 2.4 ± 0.89 | 2.6 ± 0.94 | 2.2 ± 0.79 | 2.5 ± 0.87 | < 0.001 |
 Non-HDL-C, mmol/L | 3.1 ± 1.02 | 2.8 ± 0.93 | 3.5 ± 1.02 | 2.6 ± 0.82 | 3.3 ± 1.04 | < 0.001 |
 TyG index | 9 ± 0.67 | 8.4 ± 0.35 | 9.3 ± 0.33 | 8.6 ± 0.27 | 9.6 ± 0.54 | < 0.001 |
ACS status, n (%) | ||||||
 Unstable angina | 7883 (84.9) | 2795 (87.5) | 1214 (84) | 1216 (84.2) | 2658 (83) | < 0.001 |
 NSTEMI | 1152 (12.4) | 326 (10.2) | 191 (13.2) | 182 (12.6) | 453 (14.2) | < 0.001 |
 STEMI | 829 (8.9) | 250 (7.8) | 129 (8.9) | 140 (9.7) | 310 (9.7) | 0.045 |
Medication at discharge, n (%) | ||||||
 Metformin | 807 (8.7) | 56 (1.8) | 33 (2.3) | 152 (10.5) | 566 (17.7) | < 0.001 |
 Sulfonylurea | 469 (5.1) | 34 (1.1) | 17 (1.2) | 113 (7.8) | 305 (9.5) | < 0.001 |
 Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors | 1656 (17.8) | 140 (4.4) | 54 (3.7) | 376 (26) | 1086 (33.9) | < 0.001 |
 Thiazolidinedione | 20 (0.2) | 7 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.1) | 11 (0.3) | 0.113 |
 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors | 53 (0.6) | 5 (0.2) | 2 (0.1) | 15 (1) | 31 (1) | < 0.001 |
 Oral antidiabetic agents | 2108 (22.7) | 179 (5.6) | 70 (4.8) | 466 (32.3) | 1393 (43.5) | < 0.001 |
 Insulin | 1728 (18.6) | 146 (4.6) | 50 (3.5) | 343 (23.8) | 1189 (37.1) | < 0.001 |
 Any antidiabetic agents | 3314 (35.7) | 282 (8.8) | 113 (7.8) | 713 (49.4) | 2206 (68.9) | < 0.001 |
 Aspirin | 9062 (97.6) | 3127 (97.9) | 1414 (97.8) | 1408 (97.5) | 3113 (97.3) | 0.365 |
 Clopidogrel | 6316 (68) | 2260 (70.8) | 969 (67) | 996 (69) | 2091 (65.3) | < 0.001 |
 Ticagrelor | 3131 (33.7) | 1002 (31.4) | 497 (34.4) | 477 (33) | 1155 (36.1) | < 0.001 |
 ACEI/ARB | 4165 (44.9) | 1241 (38.9) | 650 (45) | 672 (46.5) | 1602 (50) | < 0.001 |
 β-Blocker | 5980 (64.4) | 1904 (59.6) | 923 (63.8) | 919 (63.6) | 2234 (69.8) | < 0.001 |
 Statin | 9114 (98.2) | 3147 (98.5) | 1408 (97.4) | 1421 (98.4) | 3138 (98) | 0.043 |
 Ezetimibe | 1712 (18.4) | 498 (15.6) | 274 (18.9) | 266 (18.4) | 674 (21.1) | < 0.001 |
Angiographic coronary anatomy, n (%) | ||||||
 Any left main disease | 1459 (15.7) | 527 (16.5) | 226 (15.6) | 215 (14.9) | 491 (15.3) | 0.461 |
 Multivessel disease | 5412 (58.3) | 1429 (44.7) | 847 (58.6) | 875 (60.6) | 2261 (70.6) | < 0.001 |
 Others | 3564 (38.4) | 1630 (51) | 541 (37.4) | 538 (37.3) | 855 (26.7) | < 0.001 |
 CTO | 1499 (16.1) | 441 (13.8) | 251 (17.4) | 240 (16.6) | 567 (17.7) | < 0.001 |
 Lesions > 20 mm | 5640 (60.7) | 1434 (44.9) | 842 (58.2) | 864 (59.8) | 2500 (78.1) | < 0.001 |
Treated vessel, n (%) | ||||||
 LM | 894 (9.6) | 345 (10.8) | 130 (9) | 129 (8.9) | 290 (9.1) | 0.052 |
 LAD | 4735 (51) | 1686 (52.8) | 680 (47) | 757 (52.4) | 1612 (50.4) | 0.002 |
 LCX | 2693 (29) | 910 (28.5) | 456 (31.5) | 384 (26.6) | 943 (29.5) | 0.025 |
 RCA | 3704 (39.9) | 1207 (37.8) | 584 (40.4) | 592 (41) | 1321 (41.3) | 0.026 |
 DCB | 567 (6.1) | 214 (6.7) | 79 (5.5) | 81 (5.6) | 193 (6) | 0.3 |
 FFR | 67 (0.7) | 35 (1.1) | 9 (0.6) | 10 (0.7) | 13 (0.4) | 0.012 |
 IVUS | 247 (2.7) | 77 (2.4) | 46 (3.2) | 41 (2.8) | 83 (2.6) | 0.472 |
 OCT | 156 (1.7) | 59 (1.8) | 30 (2.1) | 23 (1.6) | 44 (1.4) | 0.286 |
 Number of stents | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 0.044 |
 Total length of stents, mm | 32 (21–52) | 30 (21–51) | 33 (22–54) | 30 (20–51) | 32 (21–53) | 0.219 |