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Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with and without adverse event

From: Impacts of triglyceride-glucose index on prognosis of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: results from an observational cohort study in China

 

Total population (n = 798)

Without event (n = 618)

With event (n = 180)

P value

Age, years

60.9 ± 8.3

60.3 ± 8.1

62.9 ± 8.6

< 0.001

Sex, male, n (%)

545 (68.3)

430 (69.6)

115 (63.9)

0.149

BMI, kg/m2

26.7 ± 3.2

26.7 ± 3.2

26.6 ± 3.2

0.772

Heart rate, bpm

71.7 ± 10.2

71.5 ± 9.8

72.1 ± 11.4

0.502

SBP, mmHg

131.8 ± 17.1

130.8 ± 16.3

135.1 ± 19.5

0.007

DBP, mmHg

76.8 ± 10.1

76.4 ± 9.8

78.1 ± 11.1

0.052

Smoking, n (%)

417 (52.3)

332 (53.7)

85 (47.2)

0.124

Drinking, n (%)

184 (23.1)

149 (24.1)

35 (19.4)

0.191

Family history of CAD, n (%)

93 (11.7)

73 (11.8)

20 (11.1)

0.796

Duration of diabetes, years

8.2 ± 4.3

8.0 ± 4.1

9.1 ± 4.7

0.007

Medical history, n (%)

 Hypertension

573 (71.8)

449 (72.7)

124 (68.9)

0.323

 Dyslipidemia

710 (89.0)

537 (86.9)

173 (96.1)

0.001

 Prior MI

175 (21.9)

118 (19.1)

57 (31.7)

< 0.001

 Prior PCI

151 (18.9)

106 (17.2)

45 (25.0)

0.018

 Prior stroke

109 (13.7)

80 (12.9)

29 (16.1)

0.276

 Prior PVD

125 (15.7)

93 (15.0)

32 (17.8)

0.375

Laboratory results

 TGs, mg/dL

138.2 (97.2, 198.5)

127.6 (91.3, 174.8)

209.1 (134.9, 299.5)

< 0.001

 TC, mg/dL

157.2 ± 39.7

153.5 ± 39.4

170.2 ± 38.2

< 0.001

 LDL-C, mg/dL

94.2 ± 33.1

93.2 ± 33.9

97.6 ± 29.8

0.112

 HDL-C, mg/dL

36.9 ± 8.7

37.3 ± 8.8

35.3 ± 8.0

0.005

 hs-CRP, mg/L

1.6 (0.7, 4.1)

1.5 (0.6, 3.9)

2.0 (0.9, 4.4)

0.011

 Creatinine, mg/dL

0.8 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.2

0.384

 eGFR, mL/(min * 1.73 m2)

96.5 ± 21.6

97.4 ± 21.7

93.5 ± 21.1

0.030

 Uric acid, μmol/L

328.0 ± 75.6

328.3 ± 75.3

327.0 ± 76.6

0.842

 FBG, mg/dL

127.7 (109.6, 157.0)

125.3 (108.1, 148.4)

141.5 (118.4, 173.3)

< 0.001

 HbA1c, %

7.5 ± 1.3

7.3 ± 1.2

8.0 ± 1.3

< 0.001

 TyG index

9.1 ± 0.6

9.0 ± 0.6

9.6 ± 0.7

< 0.001

 LVEF, %

64.0 ± 6.6

64.3 ± 6.3

62.7 ± 7.5

0.010

Initial diagnosis, n (%)

0.149

 UA

650 (81.5)

510 (82.5)

140 (77.8)

 

 NSTEMI

148 (18.5)

108 (17.5)

40 (22.2)

 

Pre-admission medication, n (%)

 ACEI

79 (9.9)

62 (10.0)

17 (9.4)

0.816

 ARB

128 (16.0)

99 (16.0)

29 (16.1)

0.976

 DAPT

253 (31.7)

194 (31.4)

59 (32.8)

0.725

 Aspirin

427 (53.5)

325 (52.6)

102 (56.7)

0.334

 Clopidogrel

264 (33.1)

203 (32.8)

61 (33.9)

0.794

 β-blocker

166 (20.8)

127 (20.6)

39 (21.7)

0.745

 Statins

233 (29.2)

190 (30.7)

43 (23.9)

0.075

 Proton pump inhibitor

8 (1.0)

7 (1.1)

1 (0.6)

0.796

 Oral hypoglycemic agents

413 (51.8)

324 (52.4)

89 (49.4)

0.481

 Metformin

170 (21.3)

138 (22.3)

32 (17.8)

0.189

 Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

185 (23.2)

140 (22.7)

45 (25.0)

0.512

 Sulfonylurea

126 (15.8)

102 (16.5)

24 (13.3)

0.304

 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor

15 (1.9)

12 (1.9)

3 (1.7)

0.811

 Insulin

225 (28.2)

163 (26.4)

62 (34.4)

0.034

Post-discharge medication, n (%)

 ACEI

234 (29.3)

177 (28.6)

57 (31.7)

0.433

 ARB

384 (48.1)

294 (47.6)

90 (50.0)

0.566

 DAPT

796 (99.7)

617 (99.8)

179 (99.4)

0.934

 DAPT interruption in 12 months

12 (1.5)

9 (1.5)

3 (1.7)

0.838

 Aspirin

797 (99.9)

617 (99.8)

180 (100.0)

0.589

 Clopidogrel

797 (99.9)

618 (100.0)

179 (99.4)

0.226

 β-blocker

744 (93.2)

579 (93.7)

165 (91.7)

0.342

 Statins

787 (98.6)

611 (98.9)

176 (97.8)

0.459

 Statins interruption in 12 months

31 (3.9)

21 (3.4)

10 (5.6)

0.187

 Proton pump inhibitor

790 (99.0)

613 (99.2)

177 (98.3)

0.554

 Oral hypoglycemic agents

409 (51.3)

321 (51.9)

88 (48.9)

0.471

 Metformin

167 (20.9)

135 (21.8)

32 (17.8)

0.238

 Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

181 (22.7)

137 (22.2)

44 (24.4)

0.521

 Sulfonylurea

123 (15.4)

99 (16.0)

24 (13.3)

0.380

 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor

15 (1.9)

12 (1.9)

3 (1.7)

0.811

 Insulin

217 (27.2)

156 (25.2)

61 (33.9)

0.022

Angiographic data

 LM disease, n (%)

44 (5.5)

22 (3.6)

22 (12.2)

< 0.001

 One-vessel disease, n (%)

167 (20.9)

146 (23.6)

21 (11.7)

0.001

 Two-vessel disease, n (%)

287 (36.0)

233 (37.7)

54 (30.0)

0.058

 Three-vessel disease, n (%)

344 (43.1)

239 (38.7)

105 (58.3)

< 0.001

 Chronic total occlusion, n (%)

117 (14.7)

67 (10.8)

50 (27.8)

< 0.001

 Diffuse lesion, n (%)

237 (29.7)

169 (27.3)

68 (37.8)

0.007

 Bifurcation lesion, n (%)

186 (23.3)

124 (20.1)

62 (34.4)

< 0.001

 In-stent restenosis, n (%)

58 (7.3)

38 (6.1)

20 (11.1)

0.024

 SYNTAX score

12.0 ± 5.5

11.1 ± 5.1

15.2 ± 6.0

< 0.001

Procedural results

 Target vessel territory, n (%)

  LM

25 (3.1)

14 (2.3)

11 (6.1)

0.009

  LAD

513 (64.3)

393 (63.6)

120 (66.7)

0.449

  LCX

335 (42.0)

249 (40.3)

86 (47.8)

0.073

  RCA

398 (49.9)

300 (48.5)

98 (54.4)

0.164

 DES implantation, n (%)

785 (98.4)

608 (98.4)

177 (98.3)

0.964

 DCB use, n (%)

15 (1.9)

10 (1.6)

5 (2.8)

0.313

 Complete revascularization, n (%)

414 (51.9)

333 (53.9)

81 (45.0)

0.036

 Number of stents

2.1 ± 1.3

2.0 ± 1.2

2.4 ± 1.5

0.001

  1. Italic values indicate statistically significant associations
  2. BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, CAD coronary artery disease, MI myocardial infarction, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, PVD peripheral vascular disease, TGs triglycerides, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, FBG fasting blood glucose, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, TyG triglyceride glucose, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, UA unstable angina, NSTEMI non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, DAPT dual antiplatelet therapy, LM left main artery, SYNTAX synergy between PCI with taxus and cardiac surgery, LAD left anterior descending artery, LCX left circumflex artery, RCA right coronary artery, DES drug-eluting stent, DCB drug-coated balloon