Table 1 Main types of metric for assessment of GV

Long-term GV

 Visit-to-visit measurements of HbA1c, FPG or PPG

Measures of SD or CV of HbA1c, FPG and PPG between sequential visits

[6]

Short-term GV

 SD

Variation around the mean blood glucose

[4]

 CV

Magnitude of variability relative to mean blood glucose

[4]

 MAGE

Mean differences from peaks to nadirs

[13]

 CONGA

Difference between a current blood glucose reading and a reading taken hours earlier

[14]

 MAG

Absolute differences between sequential readings divided by the time between the first and last blood glucose measurement

[2]

 MODD

Absolute differences between two glucose values measured at the same time with a 24 h interval

[15]

 AGP/IQR

Distribution of glucose data at a given timepoint and resulted as interquartile ranges

[16, 17]

 LBGI/HBGI

Preceded by a log transform to render symmetric the skewed distribution of glucose values

[4, 18]

 ADRR

Sum of the daily peak risks for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia

[19]

 TIR

Percentage of time per day within target glucose range (3.9–10.0 mmol/L)

[20, 21]