Table 2 Univariate and multivariate cox proportional-hazards analysis
Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95% CI | p value | HR | 95% CI | p value | |
Clinical data | ||||||
 Age | 1.00 | 0.98–.02 | 0.90 |  |  |  |
 Female | 0.92 | 0.48–1.77 | 0.80 |  |  |  |
 Heart rate | 1.00 | 0.98–1.02 | 0.72 |  |  |  |
 NYHA functional class ≥ III | 1.86 | 0.93–3.72 | 1.86 |  |  |  |
 T2DM | 2.00 | 1.08–3.69 | 0.03 | 1.94 | 1.11-3.39 | 0.02 |
 Hypertension | 0.82 | 0.37–1.79 | 0.61 |  |  |  |
 Dyslipidemia | 0.85 | 0.44–1.66 | 0.64 |  |  |  |
Electrocardiogram | ||||||
 Atrial fibrillation | 1.74 | 0.79–3.81 | 0.17 |  |  |  |
 QRS duration | 1.01 | 0.99–1.02 | 0.13 |  |  |  |
Blood examination | ||||||
 BNP | 1.00 | 1.00–1.00 | 0.84 |  |  |  |
 eGFR | 1.01 | 0.99–1.03 | 0.25 |  |  |  |
Echocardiography | ||||||
 LV end-systolic volume | 1.00 | 0.99–1.01 | 0.99 |  |  |  |
 LV ejection fraction | 1.02 | 0.96–1.08 | 0.47 |  |  |  |
 Left atrial volume index | 1.03 | 1.01–1.05 | 0.002 | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | 0.001 |
 LV mass index | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.24 |  |  |  |
 E/e’ | 0.98 | 0.94–1.02 | 0.44 |  |  |  |
 MR ≥ moderate | 1.34 | 0.71–2.55 | 0.37 |  |  |  |
 GLS | 0.72 | 0.60–0.86 | 0.0003 | 0.75 | 0.66–0.86 | <0.0001 |