| Visit 1 | Visit 2 | Visit 3 | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glucose | 0.47 | |||
 Placebo | 129.88 ± 43.78 | 129.35 ± 41.39 | 129.65 ± 46.78 |  |
 Linagliptin | 124.71 ± 25.94 | 116.15 ± 23.16 | 109.92 ± 16.81 |  |
BUN | 0.07 | |||
 Placebo | 16.00 ± 5.56 | 17.41 ± 5.98 | 16.76 ± 5.85 |  |
 Linagliptin | 18.07 ± 7.33 | 16.08 ± 6.10 | 16.85 ± 6.41 |  |
Serum creatinine | 0.59 | |||
 Placebo | 0.93 ± 0.27 | 0.91 ± 0.24 | 0.92 ± 0.25 |  |
 Linagliptin | 1.06 ± 0.35 | 1.08 ± 0.43 | 1.1 ± 0.38 |  |
eGFR | 0.78 | |||
 Placebo | 84.06 ± 19.41 | 85.88 ± 19.41 | 84.12 ± 19.81 |  |
 Linagliptin | 82.71 ± 20.96 | 82.85 ± 22.38 | 79.46 ± 19.9 |  |
Cholesterol | 0.14 | |||
 Placebo | 168.12 ± 53.16 | 173.29 ± 40.41 | 171.65 ± 48.49 |  |
 Linagliptin | 166.29 ± 51.63 | 154.46 ± 37.32 | 159.69 ± 48.53 |  |
Triglycerides | 0.13 | |||
 Placebo | 118 ± 81.86 | 143.47 ± 126.7 | 127.76 ± 79.04 |  |
 Linagliptin | 133.43 ± 67.97 | 130 ± 58.64 | 124.31 ± 50.67 |  |
LDL/HDL | 0.04 | |||
 Placebo | 1.76 ± 1.00 | 1.82 ± 0.83 | 1.76 ± 0.89 |  |
 Linagliptin | 1.83 ± 0.78 | 1.65 ± 0.7 | 1.92 ± 0.87 |  |
HbA1c | 0.12 | |||
 Placebo | 7.35 ± 0.97 | 7.10 ± 0.79 | 7.27 ± 0.73 |  |
 Linagliptin | 7.14 ± 0.67 | 6.76 ± 0.44 | 6.66 ± 0.40 |  |
C-reactive protein | 0.49 | |||
 Placebo | 4.50 ± 9.73 | 2.77 ± 2.51 | 3.08 ± 3.41 |  |
 Linagliptin | 13.53 ± 31.32 | 8.4 ± 16.03 | 5.17 ± 6.54 |  |
IL6 | 0.18 | |||
 Placebo | 5.16 ± 10.71 | 2.72 ± 3.01 | 2.18 ± 1.45 |  |
 Linagliptin | 6.42 ± 11.00 | 5.24 ± 7.39 | 5.09 ± 6.08 |  |
TNFα | 0.71 | |||
 Placebo | 4.01 ± 10.42 | 5.94 ± 12.13 | 1.77 ± 1.94 |  |
 Linagliptin | 4.10 ± 7.4 | 2.25 ± 2.57 | 1.92 ± 1.52 |  |
Leptin | 0.43 | |||
 Placebo | 22.48 ± 12.6 | 54.08 ± 130.71 | 22.88 ± 13.25 |  |
 Linagliptin | 21.69 ± 22.77 | 23.06 ± 25.72 | 23.91 ± 25.83 |  |
Adiponectin | 0.98 | |||
 Placebo | 6.57 ± 5.04 | 6.5 ± 6.59 | 6.64 ± 6.33 |  |
 Linagliptin | 5.39 ± 3.08 | 5.52 ± 2.98 | 5.45 ± 3.28 |  |
Insulin | 0.87 | |||
 Placebo | 17.85 ± 14.07 | 19.84 ± 11.83 | 20.82 ± 12.6 |  |
 Linagliptin | 16.43 ± 12.9 | 16.06 ± 8.51 | 20.52 ± 19.71 |  |
Uric acid | 0.97 | |||
 Placebo | 6.51 ± 1.57 | 6.59 ± 1.21 | 6.73 ± 1.43 |  |
 Linagliptin | 5.89 ± 1.78 | 5.96 ± 1.49 | 12.52 ± 21.85 |  |