Fig. 3

Forest plot of hazard ratio (HR) of effectiveness, major lower limb outcomes, and safety outcomes for NOACs vs. warfarin among non-valvular AF patients comorbid with DM after PSSW. NOAC was associated with a lower risk of MACE, major adverse limb events (MALE), and major bleeding than warfarin among non-valvular AF patients with concomitant DM. Abbreviations: AF atrial fibrillation, AMI acute myocardial infarction, CI confidential interval, GI gastrointestinal, HR hazard ratio, ICH intracranial hemorrhage, IS/SE ischemic stroke/systemic embolism, MACE major adverse cardiovascular events, MALE major adverse limb events, NOAC non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants, PSSW propensity score stabilized weighting