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Table 1 Clinical characteristics, plasma omentin levels, and IMT in all subjects and in subgroups of plasma adiponectin levels above and below the median

From: Plasma omentin levels are inversely associated with atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients with increased plasma adiponectin levels: a cross-sectional study

 

All subjects

Low-adiponectin (< 6.2 μg/mL)

High-adiponectin (≥ 6.2 μg/mL)

p

N (male, %)

413 (58.1)

206 (62.0)

207 (54.6)

0.146

Age (year)

65 [57–71]

63 [53–68]

67 [60–73]

< 0.001

Duration of diabetes (year)

11 [5–20]

9 [2–17]

15 [7–21]

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

25.0 [22.1–27.9]

25.7 [23.1–28.5]

23.9 [21.1–27.1]

< 0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

128 [116–143]

124 [113–136]

133 [118–148]

< 0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

74 [67–81]

74 [67–80]

73 [66–81]

0.760

Cardiovascular diseases (n, %)

86 (20.8)

42 (20.4)

44 (21.3)

0.828

Smoker (n, %)

198 (47.9)

109 (52.9)

89 (43.0)

0.044

Antihyperglycemic agents (n, %)

    

 None

44 (10.7)

24 (11.7)

20 (9.7)

0.512

 Sulfonylureas

150 (36.3) 

74 (35.9) 

76 (36.7) 

0.867 

 Biguanides

128 (31.0) 

83 (40.3) 

45 (21.7) 

< 0.001

 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors

125 (30.3) 

63 (30.6) 

62 (30.0) 

0.889

 Thiazolidinediones

44 (10.7) 

10 (4.9) 

34 (16.4) 

< 0.001

 GLP-1 receptor agonists

12 (2.9) 

8 (3.9) 

4 (1.9) 

0.233

 Insulin ± oral hypoglycemic agents

179 (43.3)

66 (32.0)

113 (54.6)

< 0.001

RAS inhibitors (n, %)

166 (40.2)

81 (39.4)

85 (41.1)

0.718

Statins (n, %)

176 (42.6)

88 (42.7)

88 (42.5)

0.966

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.81 [0.66–1.06]

0.80 [0.65–0.96]

0.86 [0.67–1.27]

0.003

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

66.7 [51.9–78.8]

71.4 [57.7–82.6]

62.1 [42.3–74.6]

< 0.001

Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

119 [101–143]

121 [103–143]

117 [98–145]

0.511

HbA1c (%)

8.3 [7.3–9.6]

8.6 [7.5–9.7]

8.1 [7.0–9.6]

0.005

Immunoreactive insulin (μU/mL)a

6.9 [4.6–10.0]

7.7 [5.3–11.2]

5.7 [3.6–8.4]

< 0.001

HOMA-Ra

2.03 [1.34–2.97]

2.29 [1.51–3.38]

1.59 [0.98–2.51]

< 0.001

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

116 [90–153]

127 [96–168]

108 [80–143]

0.001

Total-cholesterol (mg/dL)

176 [150–206]

170 [145–197]

180 [152–209]

0.037

HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

41 [36–50]

38 [34–44]

45 [38–56]

< 0.001

Non-HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

129 [106–161]

128 [105–162]

132 [106–160]

0.847

LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

105 [83–132]

102 [80–131]

110 [86–133]

0.121

C-reactive protein (mg/dL)b

0.07 [0.03–0.18]

0.10 [0.04–0.21]

0.05 [0.03–0.14] 

0.010

Plasma adiponectin (μg/mL)

6.2 [3.8–11.0]

3.8 [2.7–4.9]

11.0 [7.9–15.9]

< 0.001

Plasma omentin (ng/mL)

573 [450–759]

510 [413–668]

630 [507–832]

< 0.001

IMT (mm)

0.81 [0.70–0.93]

0.79 [0.68–0.93]

0.82 [0.73–0.94]

0.064

  1. Data are median [interquartile range] or n (%). p-values by χ2-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for comparison between the low-adiponectin group and high-adiponectin group
  2. IMT intima-media thickness, BMI body mass index, GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1, RAS renin-angiotensin system, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin A1c, HOMA-R homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein
  3. aN = 234 for all subjects, n = 140 for low-adiponectin group, and n = 94 for high-adiponectin group not receiving insulin therapy
  4. bN = 247 for all subjects, n = 132 for low-adiponectin group, and n = 115 for high-adiponectin group in whom serum C-reactive protein level was available
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840