Table 1 Clinical parameters of HFD- and LFD-fed mice treated with vehicle or luseogliflozin

Number

12

8

5

5

Food intake (g/day)

3.2 ± 0.3^a

4.1 ± 0.5^bc

4.8 ± 0.9

2.9 ± 0.2^a

Water intake (g/day)

3.0 ± 0.3^ab

6.0 ± 0.7^c

7.6 ± 2.5

6.6 ± 0.4

Initial body weight (g)

40.5 ± 2.7^ab

43.6 ± 5.1^ab

28.7 ± 1.3

27.6 ± 2.3

Final body weight (g)

44.0 ± 2.5^ab

45.5 ± 5.7^ab

30.2 ± 2.2

28.2 ± 2.0

Body weight increase (g)

3.4 ± 0.9^ab

1.8 ± 1.2^c

1.5 ± 0.9

0.6 ± 1.0

Liver index (mg/g)

40.3 ± 7.8

38.1 ± 8.0

43.4 ± 4.1

44.1 ± 2.8

Fat index (mg/g)

59.8 ± 5.4^ab

57.6 ± 9.8^ab

7.5 ± 1.1

9.8 ± 2.1

Pulse (beat/min)

716 ± 70

733 ± 23

746 ± 32

709 ± 45

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

125 ± 6

132 ± 8^ab

111 ± 14

112 ± 13

HbA1c (%)

5.1 ± 0.2^b

5.0 ± 0.3

5.1 ± 0.1

4.8 ± 0.1

Plasma glucose (mg/dl)

186 ± 33^ab

168 ± 20^a

87 ± 12

127 ± 19

Plasma insulin (ng/ml)

0.33 ± 0.20^ab

0.25 ± 0.17

0.04 ± 0.01

0.07 ± 0.05

Plasma glucagon (pmol/l)

7.5 ± 5.8

7.3 ± 5.0

4.2 ± 2.4

7.5 ± 4.7

Plasma total cholesterol (mg/dl)

177 ± 10^ab

199 ± 21^abc

78 ± 8

93 ± 7

Plasma HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)

107 ± 6^ab

111 ± 4^ab

62 ± 8

75 ± 6^a

Plasma triglycerides (mg/dl)

65 ± 10^a

72 ± 9^a

49 ± 3

68 ± 8^a

Plasma free fatty acid (mEq/l)

0.50 ± 0.05

0.51 ± 0.03

0.48 ± 0.12

0.53 ± 0.06