| Total | Non-diabetic | Diabetic | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 9,797,418) | (n = 8,954,570) | (n = 842,848) |  | |
Male | 5,356,943 (54.68%) | 4,838,750 (54.04%) | 518,193 (61.48%) | < 0.0001 |
Smoking | < 0.0001 | |||
 Non-smoker | 5,832,072 (59.53%) | 5,363,620 (59.90%) | 468,452 (55.58%) |  |
 Ex-smoker | 1,394,168 (14.23%) | 1,240,121 (13.85%) | 154,047 (18.28%) |  |
 Current-smoker | 2,571,178 (26.24%) | 2,350,829 (26.25%) | 220,349 (26.14%) |  |
Alcohol consumption | < 0.0001 | |||
 Non-drinker | 5,037,180 (51.41%) | 4,558,687 (50.91%) | 478,493 (56.77%) |  |
 Mild-drinker | 4,087,517 (41.72%) | 3,796,029 (42.39%) | 291,488 (34.58%) |  |
 Heavy-drinker | 672,721 (6.87%) | 599,854 (6.70%) | 72,867 (8.65%) |  |
Regular exercise (yes) | 5,022,112 (51.26%) | 4,608,738 (51.47%) | 413,374 (49.04%) | < 0.0001 |
Income (lower quartile) | 2,590,673 (26.44%) | 2,361,426 (26.37%) | 229,247 (27.20%) | < 0.0001 |
Hypertension | 2,486,705 (25.38%) | 2,007,127 (22.41%) | 479,578 (56.90%) | < 0.0001 |
Dyslipidemia | 1,773,560 (18.10%) | 1,429,021 (15.96%) | 344,539 (40.88%) | < 0.0001 |
Diabetes 5 level | < 0.0001 | |||
 Non-diabetic | 6,739,088 (68.78%) | 6,739,088 (75.26%) |  |  |
 IFG | 2,215,482 (22.61%) | 2,215,482 (24.74%) |  |  |
 New-onset diabetes | 287,417 (2.93%) |  | 287,417 (34.10%) |  |
 Diabetes < 5 years | 289,883 (2.96%) |  | 289,883 (34.39%) |  |
 Diabetes ≥ 5 years | 265,548 (2.71%) |  | 265,548 (31.51%) |  |
Age (years) | 47.02 ± 14.06 | 46.05 ± 13.85 | 57.25 ± 12.03 | < 0.0001 |
Height (cm) | 163.89 ± 9.22 | 164.03 ± 9.21 | 162.46 ± 9.17 | < 0.0001 |
Weight (kg) | 63.90 ± 11.59 | 63.69 ± 11.57 | 66.22 ± 11.50 | < 0.0001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.70 ± 3.21 | 23.57 ± 3.17 | 25.01 ± 3.27 | < 0.0001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 80.19 ± 9.07 | 79.69 ± 8.97 | 85.45 ± 8.38 | < 0.0001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 122.38 ± 14.94 | 121.75 ± 14.71 | 129.13 ± 15.69 | < 0.0001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 76.28 ± 9.97 | 76.02 ± 9.92 | 79.10 ± 10.12 | < 0.0001 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 97.07 ± 22.85 | 92.50 ± 11.50 | 145.63 ± 45.66 | < 0.0001 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 195.07 ± 36.59 | 194.86 ± 36.07 | 197.33 ± 41.60 | < 0.0001 |
High density lipoprotein (mg/dl) | 55.43 ± 18.86 | 55.77 ± 18.64 | 51.79 ± 20.73 | < 0.0001 |