| Overall | Diabetes | Non-diabetes | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poor collateralization (n = 505) | Good collateralization (n = 779) | P value | Poor collateralization (n = 323) | Good collateralization (n = 383) | P value | Poor collateralization (n = 182) | Good collateralization (n = 396) | P value | |
Female, n (%) | 137 (27.1) | 120 (15.4) | <Â 0.001 | 97 (30.0) | 75 (19.6) | 0.001 | 40 (22.0) | 45 (11.4) | 0.001 |
Age | 66.7 ± 10.2 | 62.6 ± 10.4 | < 0.001 | 66.9 ± 10.4 | 63.4 ± 10.3 | < 0.001 | 66.2 ± 10.0 | 61.8 ± 10.4 | < 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.2 ± 3.1 | 25.3 ± 3.2 | 0.330 | 25.2 ± 3.0 | 25.5 ± 3.3 | 0.358 | 25.0 ± 3.1 | 25.2 ± 3.1 | 0.483 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 313 (62.0) | 562 (72.1) | <Â 0.001 | 202 (62.5) | 285 (74.4) | 0.001 | 111 (61.0) | 277 (69.9) | 0.033 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 323 (64.0) | 383 (49.2) | < 0.001 | 323 (100.0) | 383 (100.0) | – | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 137 (27.1) | 110 (14.1) | <Â 0.001 | 101 (31.3) | 76 (19.8) | <Â 0.001 | 36 (19.8) | 34 (8.6) | <Â 0.001 |
Smoking, n (%) | 214 (42.4) | 238 (30.6) | <Â 0.001 | 137 (42.4) | 116 (30.3) | 0.001 | 77 (42.3) | 122 (30.8) | 0.007 |
Prior MI, n (%) | 150 (29.7) | 187 (24.0) | 0.023 | 91 (28.2) | 87 (22.7) | 0.096 | 59 (32.4) | 100 (25.3) | 0.073 |
Severity of CAD, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.801 | Â | Â | 0.439 | Â | Â | 0.384 |
 1-vessel | 88 (17.4) | 139 (17.8) | 0.848 | 46 (14.2) | 65 (17.0) | 0.321 | 42 (23.1) | 74 (18.7) | 0.221 |
 2-vessel | 152 (30.1) | 221 (28.4) | 0.505 | 94 (29.1) | 98 (25.6) | 0.296 | 58 (31.9) | 123 (31.1) | 0.846 |
 3-vessel | 265 (52.5) | 419 (53.8) | 0.645 | 183 (56.7) | 220 (57.4) | 0.834 | 82 (45.1) | 199 (50.3) | 0.246 |
 Multi-vessel | 417 (82.6) | 640 (82.2) | 0.848 | 277 (85.6) | 318 (83.0) | 0.321 | 140 (76.9) | 322 (81.3) | 0.221 |
SBP, mmHg | 136.8 ± 22.3 | 138.1 ± 20.6 | 0.283 | 137.6 ± 22.5 | 140.2 ± 19.8 | 0.107 | 135.5 ± 22.0 | 136.2 ± 21.1 | 0.699 |
DBP, mmHg | 78.0 ± 12.9 | 82.3 ± 12.4 | < 0.001 | 78.2 ± 13.2 | 83.2 ± 12.4 | < 0.001 | 77.7 ± 12.2 | 81.6 ± 12.3 | < 0.001 |
FBG, mmol/L | 6.09 ± 2.38 | 5.83 ± 2.02 | 0.044 | 6.69 ± 2.74 | 6.61 ± 2.54 | 0.693 | 5.03 ± 0.76 | 5.08 ± 0.81 | 0.477 |
HbA1c, % | 6.62 ± 1.27 | 6.46 ± 1.35 | 0.027 | 7.07 ± 1.37 | 7.09 ± 1.58 | 0.899 | 5.83 ± 0.36 | 5.85 ± 0.66 | 0.697 |
Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.74 ± 0.94 | 1.76 ± 1.11 | 0.786 | 1.86 ± 1.06 | 1.83 ± 1.18 | 0.715 | 1.52 ± 0.61 | 1.69 ± 1.04 | 0.053 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.00 ± 1.02 | 4.64 ± 1.08 | < 0.001 | 5.10 ± 1.00 | 4.77 ± 1.12 | < 0.001 | 4.82 ± 1.03 | 4.51 ± 1.02 | 0.001 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.22 ± 0.81 | 2.94 ± 0.83 | < 0.001 | 3.27 ± 0.79 | 3.01 ± 0.88 | < 0.001 | 3.11 ± 0.84 | 2.87 ± 0.77 | 0.001 |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 0.98 ± 0.24 | 1.01 ± 0.25 | 0.098 | 0.98 ± 0.25 | 0.99 ± 0.24 | 0.304 | 0.99 ± 0.24 | 1.02 ± 0.26 | 0.314 |
Non-HDL-C, mmol/L | 4.02 ± 1.04 | 3.64 ± 1.08 | < 0.001 | 4.12 ± 1.02 | 3.78 ± 1.11 | < 0.001 | 3.82 ± 1.04 | 3.50 ± 1.03 | < 0.001 |
Lp(a), mg/dL | 23.82 (12.42–44.10) | 16.87 (9.28–32.2) | < 0.001 | 23.76 (12.97–43.48) | 16.87 (9.30–31.72) | < 0.001 | 24.09 (12.42–45.17) | 16.78 (8.56–32.34) | 0.001 |
BUN, mmol/L | 5.8 ± 1.9 | 5.8 ± 2.0 | 0.730 | 6.0 ± 2.0 | 5.9 ± 2.0 | 0.558 | 5.6 ± 1.8 | 5.7 ± 2.0 | 0.465 |
Serum creatinine, μmol/L | 88 ± 25 | 84 ± 29 | 0.007 | 90 ± 28 | 84 ± 30 | 0.003 | 86 ± 18 | 85 ± 28 | 0.723 |
Uric acid, μmol/L | 342 ± 85 | 340 ± 90 | 0.707 | 340 ± 87 | 330 ± 89 | 0.129 | 344 ± 81 | 349 ± 90 | < 0.001 |
GFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 75.4 ± 17.7 | 83.7 ± 19.4 | < 0.001 | 74.1 ± 18.6 | 83.2 ± 19.5 | < 0.001 | 77.7 ± 15.9 | 84.2 ± 19.3 | 0.530 |
hsCRP, mmol/L | 4.28 (1.61–7.68) | 2.72 (1.12–4.85) | < 0.001 | 4.52 (1.74–7.89) | 2.86 (1.32–5.07) | < 0.001 | 3.20 (1.43–6.90) | 2.50 (0.86–4.51) | < 0.001 |
LVEF, % | 57.4 ± 8.4 | 61 ± 8.2 | < 0.001 | 57.0 ± 8.4 | 60.6 ± 7.5 | < 0.001 | 58.1 ± 8.3 | 61.4 ± 8.7 | < 0.001 |
Medication, n (%) | |||||||||
 Antiplatelet | 374 (74.1) | 552 (70.9) | 0.212 | 236 (73.1) | 274 (71.5) | 0.652 | 138 (75.8) | 278 (70.2) | 0.162 |
 ACE inhibitors/ ARBs | 312 (61.8) | 476 (61.1) | 0.807 | 194 (60.1) | 235 (61.4) | 0.725 | 118 (64.8) | 241 (60.9) | 0.360 |
 β-blockers | 244 (48.3) | 379 (48.7) | 0.907 | 152 (47.1) | 171 (44.6) | 0.522 | 92 (50.5) | 208 (52.5) | 0.659 |
 CCBs | 152 (30.1) | 208 (26.7) | 0.185 | 101 (68.7) | 107 (27.9) | 0.333 | 51 (28.0) | 101 (25.5) | 0.591 |
 Diuretics | 61 (12.1) | 81 (10.4) | 0.348 | 39 (12.1) | 42 (11.0) | 0.645 | 22 (12.1) | 39 (9.8) | 0.416 |
 Nitrates | 270 (53.5) | 427 (54.8) | 0.636 | 182 (56.3) | 230 (60.1) | 0.320 | 88 (48.4) | 197 (49.7) | 0.755 |
 Statins | 324 (64.2) | 515 (66.1) | 0.473 | 188 (58.2) | 226 (59.0) | 0.829 | 136 (74.7) | 289 (73.0) | 0.659 |