Table 1 Patient characteristics of HF patients at inclusion according to diabetes
Variable | No diabetes | Prevalent diabetes | New-onset diabetes | Total | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of individuals | 75,142 | 21,216 | 8164 | 104,522 | |
Age (median with IQR) | 77.0 (18.0, 109.0) | 74.0 (22.0, 103.0) | 70.0 (18.0, 100.0) | 76.0 (18.0, 109.0) | < 1e−04 |
Comorbidities | |||||
Sex | 40,733 (54.2) | 12,726 (60.0) | 5056 (61.9) | 58,515 (56.0) | < 1e−04 |
IHD | 40,621 (54.1) | 14,071 (66.3) | 5272 (64.6) | 59,964 (57.4) | < 1e−04 |
Atrial fibrillation | 36,133 (48.1) | 9848 (46.4) | 4634 (56.8) | 50,615 (48.4) | < 1e−04 |
Cancer* | 18,323 (24.4) | 4850 (22.9) | 2021 (24.8) | 25,194 (24.1) | < 1e−04 |
COPD | 20,575 (27.4) | 6532 (30.8) | 2834 (34.7) | 29,941 (28.6) | < 1e−04 |
Hypertension | 37,862 (50.4) | 15,499 (73.1) | 5497 (67.3) | 58,858 (56.3) | < 1e−04 |
CKD | 11,521 (15.3) | 6193 (29.2) | 1886 (23.1) | 19,600 (18.8) | < 1e−04 |
Pharmacotherapy | |||||
Statin | 27,578 (36.7) | 13,242 (62.4) | 4967 (60.8) | 45,787 (43.8) | < 1e−04 |
ACE/ARB | 47,434 (63.1) | 16,246 (76.6) | 5497 (67.3) | 69,177 (66.2) | < 1e−04 |
Beta blockers | 44,446 (59.1) | 13,437 (63.3) | 5522 (67.6) | 63,405 (60.7) | < 1e−04 |
Digoxin | 17,873 (23.8) | 4687 (22.1) | 2731 (33.5) | 25,291 (24.2) | < 1e−04 |
ADP | 44,409 (59.1) | 14,943 (70.4) | 4834 (59.2) | 64,186 (61.4) | < 1e−04 |
Loop diuretics | 53,114 (70.7) | 16,764 (79.0) | 5763 (70.6) | 75,641 (72.4) | < 1e−04 |
MRA | 17,211 (22.9) | 5991 (28.2) | 2635 (32.3) | 25,837 (24.7) | < 1e−04 |
Thiazide | 15,222 (20.3) | 4316 (20.3) | 989 (12.1) | 20,527 (19.6) | < 1e−04 |
Ca channel blockers | 17,478 (23.3) | 7403 (34.9) | 1843 (22.6) | 26,724 (25.6) | < 1e−04 |
Insulin | 6999 (33.0) | 825 (10.1) | 7824 (7.5) | < 1e−04 | |
Metformin | 9340 (44.0) | 4425 (54.2) | 13,765 (13.2) | < 1e−04 | |
Sulfonylurea | 6859 (32.3) | 1239 (15.2) | 8098 (7.7) | < 1e−04 | |
Thiazolidinedione | 82 (0.4) | 5 (0.1) | 87 (0.1) | < 1e−04 | |
DPP-4 inhibitors | 574 (2.7) | 264 (3.2) | 838 (0.8) | < 1e−04 | |
GLP-1 receptor agnoists | 1 (0.0) | 28 (0.3) | 29 (0.0) | < 1e−04 | |
SGLT2 inhibitors | 1 (0.0) | 8 (0.1) | 9 (0.0) | < 1e−04 | |
Newer antidiabetic drugs: DPP-4, GLP-1 and SGLT2 combined | 576 (0.5) | 294 (0.3) | 870 (0.8) | < 1e−04 | |
Combination of two antidiabetic drugs | 427 (2.0) | 78 (1.0) | 505 (0.5) | < 1e−04 | |