Table 2 Risk factors during pregnancy for developing characteristics of the metabolic syndrome—multivariate analysis
Risk factor | Adjusted HR [95% CI] | p value |
|---|---|---|
Type 2 diabetes mellitus | ||
 Poor glycemic control vs. controls | 14.8 [7.6–28.8] | < 0.0001 |
 Good glycemic control vs. controls | 8.4 [4.3–16.6] | < 0.0001 |
 Poor glycemic control vs. good glycemic control | 1.7 [1.3–2.4] | 0.0004 |
 Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) | 1.04 [1.01–1.1] | 0.004 |
 Parity | 1.2 [1.1–1.2] | < 0.0001 |
Dyslipidemia | ||
 Poor glycemic control vs. controls | 3.7 [2.3–5.9] | < 0.0001 |
 Good glycemic control vs. controls | 2.0 [1.3–3.3] | 0.004 |
 Poor glycemic control vs. good glycemic control | 1.8 [1.3–2.6] | 0.0003 |
 Pre-pregnancy BMI | 1.05 [1.02–1.07] | < 0.0001 |
Obesity | ||
 Pre-pregnancy BMI | 1.09 [1.07–1.1] | < 0.0001 |
Hypertension | ||
 Pre-pregnancy BMI | 1.04 [1.004–1.07] | 0.04 |
 Maternal age during pregnancy | 1.1 [1.07–1.20] | < 0.0001 |