Age (per 10 years)
|
2.45 (1.37–4.37)
|
0.003
|
Male sex
|
3.50 (1.01–12.1)
|
0.05
|
BMI (per 5 kg/m2)
|
0.83 (0.55–1.27)
|
0.40
|
Waist-to-hip ratio (per unit increase)
|
2.04 (1.06–3.92)
|
0.03
|
Ethnicity
| |
0.31
|
South Asian
|
1
| |
Caucasian
|
1.64 (0.63–4.26)
| |
African
|
0.45 (0.06–3.52)
| |
Duration of T2DM (per 5 years)
|
1.36 (1.05–1.75)
|
0.02
|
Microvascular disease (Yes/no)
|
1.14 (0.45–2.88)
|
0.78
|
Retinopathy (Yes/no)
|
0.84 (0.32–2.25)
|
0.74
|
Hyperlipidaemia (Yes/no)
|
0.53 (0.20–1.40)
|
0.20
|
Hypertension (Yes/no)
|
1.21 (0.40–3.66)
|
0.74
|
Current smoker (Yes/no)
|
0.67 (0.09–5.03)
|
0.70
|
Statin use (Yes/no)
|
0.57 (0.23–1.48)
|
0.25
|
Family history of premature ischaemic heart disease (Yes/no)
|
0.75 (0.22–2.59)
|
0.65
|
SBP (per 10 mm Hg)
|
1.43 (1.11–1.84)
|
0.006
|
HbA1c (per 10 mmol/mol)
|
1.10 (0.86–1.41)
|
0.44
|
eGFR (per 10 mL/min/1.73 m2)
|
0.82 (0.63–1.08)
|
0.17
|
CAC score(per log10 AU)
|
3.17 (1.60–6.29)
|
0.001
|
Total cholesterol (per 10 mmol/L)
|
0.90 (0.53–1.51)
|
0.69
|
LDL-C (per 10 mmol/L)
|
1.06 (0.63–1.81)
|
0.82
|
HDL-C (per 10 mmol/L)
|
0.47 (0.12–1.77)
|
0.26
|
Triglycerides (per 10 mmol/L)
|
1.03 (0.69–1.54)
|
0.89
|
Total cholesterol: HDL-C ratio
|
1.33 (0.91–1.95)
|
0.13
|
Antidiabetic medication
| | |
Metformin
|
0.76 (0.09–5.88)
|
0.76
|
Sulphonylurea
|
0.96 (0.29–3.18)
|
0.94
|
Thiazolidinedione
|
22.74 (0.002–245,100)
|
0.51
|
GLP-1 agonists
|
1.835 (0.24–14.21)
|
0.56
|
DPP-4 inhibitors
|
2.67 (0.35–20.71)
|
0.35
|
Insulin
|
1.30 (0.50–3.36)
|
0.58
|
ACEis/ARB (Yes/no)
|
0.6 (0.19–1.86)
|
0.38
|
Plaque variablesa
|
Number of plaques
|
1.28 (1.13–1.45)
|
< 0.001
|
Presence of 50% plaque
|
8.09 (1.80–36.91)
|
0.007
|
Number of 50% plaques
|
1.32 (1.18–1.46)
|
< 0.001
|