Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants by group in the ITTA and in the PPA
|  | Intention to treat baseline values (values are presented mean ± SD) | Per-protocol baseline values (values are presented mean ± SD) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control (n = 27) | MCT (n = 28) | HIIT (n = 25) | p-value | Control (n = 22) | MCT (n = 16) | HIIT (n = 13) | p-value | |
Age (yrs) | 59.0 ± 8.1 | 59.7 ± 6.5 | 56.7 ± 8.3 | 0.575 | 60.8 ± 7.5 | 60.4 ± 6.8 | 58.9 ± 7.5 | 0.814 |
Woman (%) | 48.1 | 53.6 | 40.0 | 0.612 | 50.0 | 56.3 | 30.8 | 0.367 |
Hypertension medication (%) | 48.1 | 50.0 | 52.0 | 0.579 | 54.5 | 37.5 | 53.8 | 0.538 |
Oral antidiabetic medication (%) | 96.3 | 92.9 | 84.0 | 0.388 | 95.5 | 93.8 | 92.3 | 0.512 |
Diabetes Diagnosis (yrs)a | 5.0 ± 3.0 | 8.0 ± 9.0 | 5.0 ± 6.0 | 0.086 | 4.5 ± 3.25 | 8.0 ± 9.0 | 6.0 ± 6.0 | 0.091 |
Weight (kg) | 84.1 ± 15.8 | 82.7 ± 13.3 | 81.6 ± 16.8 | 0.906 | 85.9 ± 15.7 | 82.0 ± 13.8 | 84.2 ± 19.2 | 0.799 |
Height (cm) | 165.5 ± 9.4 | 163.2 ± 8.4 | 164.8 ± 8.1 | 0.545 | 164.5 ± 9.5 | 162.9 ± 9.2 | 166.6 ± 8.1 | 0.615 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 30.7 ± 5.0 | 31.1 ± 5.0 | 30.1 ± 5.7 | 0.722 | 31.7 ± 4.7 | 31.0 ± 5.5 | 30.2 ± 5.9 | 0.506 |
WC (cm) | 103.0 ± 12.4 | 103.8 ± 11.3 | 102.7 ± 14.3 | 0.914 | 103.3 ± 15.8 | 103.5 ± 12.2 | 103.3 ± 15.8 | 0.946 |
MVPA (min/day)a | 18.4 ± 26.4 | 30.5 ± 4.8 | 38.9 ± 29.4 | 0.008* | 15.9 ± 23.1 | 38.1 ± 41.6 | 38.9 ± 30.1 | 0.012* |
VO2peak (ml/kg/min) | 25.9 ± 5.5 | 24.1 ± 3.2 | 27.1 ± 6.3 | 0.143 | 25.1 ± 5.6 | 23.9 ± 3.7 | 26.6 ± 5.3 | 0.345 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol)a | 49.7 ± 20.7 | 53.2 ± 22.7 | 49.0 ± 12.3 | 0.545 | 48.1 ± 16.7 | 47.2 ± 22.1 | 50.8 ± 12.6 | 0.828 |