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Table 1 Patient characteristics (overall study population and according to presence/absence of CKD)

From: Patient and disease characteristics of type-2 diabetes patients with or without chronic kidney disease: an analysis of the German DPV and DIVE databases

 

n

Total T2DM

T2DM + CKDb

T2DM − CKDb

p-value

(n = 343,675)

(n = 171,930)

(n = 171,745)

Healthcare provider

 Office based in %

343,675

35.9

31.5

40.3

< 0.001

 Hospital based in %

343,675

64.1

68.5

59.7

< 0.001

Age in years

343,675

70.3 (60.4; 78.0)

74.5 (66.2;80.7)

65.5 (56.2; 74.1)

< 0.001

Female gender in %

343,675

47.2

52.4

42.0

< 0.001

Weight in kg

321,929

85.5 (74.0; 100.0)

84.7 (73.0; 98.3)

87.0 (75.0; 101.0)

< 0.001

Body mass index in kg/m2

314,804

29.9 (26.3; 34.4)

29.9 (26.3; 34.4)

29.9 (26.4; 34.4)

0.027

Blood pressure

 Systolic BP in mmHg

330,285

132.5 (121.0; 145.0)

132.5 (120.0; 145.0)

132.5 (122.0; 144.0)

0.007

  Systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg in %

330,285

41.5

41.7

41.4

< 0.001

 Diastolic BP in mmHg

329,769

80.0 (70.0; 81.0)

78.0 (70.0; 80.0)

80.0 (70.0; 83.0)

< 0.001

  Diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg in %

329,769

14.0

12.2

15.9

< 0.001

 AntiHT drug treatment in %

343,675

56.7

62.6

20.7

< 0.001

 Hypertensiona in %

335,762

75.7

79.4

72.0

< 0.001

Dyslipidemia

285,009

87.4

88.4

86.3

< 0.001

 LDL-C in mg/dL

236,106

108.3 (83.0, 137.0)

105.0 (79.3; 135.0)

112.1 (86.8; 139.2)

< 0.001

 TC in mg/dL

263,462

185.6 (154.7; 218.5)

181.8 (150.8; 216.0)

189.0 (159.0; 220.4)

< 0.001

 TG in mg/dL

254,288

155.0 (110.0; 223.7)

157.9 (113.0; 228.1)

151.0 (107.0; 219.3)

< 0.001

 HDL-C in men in mg/dL

128,099

41.0 (34.0; 50.0)

40.0 (33.0; 48.5)

42.0 (34.8; 50.3)

< 0.001

 HDL-C in women in mg/dL

110,834

46.4 (37.5; 58.0)

46.4 (37.5; 57.0)

50.0 (41.0; 60.0)

< 0.001

Diabetes

 Diabetes duration in years

343,675

9.0 (3.5, 15.4)

10.3 (4.9; 17.2)

7.2 (2.4; 13.4)

< 0.001

  0–5 years in %

343,675

32.3

25.5

39.1

< 0.001

  6–10 years in %

343,675

22.7

22.2

23.2

< 0.001

  > 10 years in %

343,675

45.0

52.3

37.8

< 0.001

 HbA1c in %

325,058

7.1 (6.3; 8.4)

7.2 (6.3; 8.3)

7.1 (6.3; 8.4)

< 0.001

  HbA1c < 6.5%

325,058

31.6

30.5

32.7

< 0.001

  HbA1c < 7.0%

325,058

46.5

45.8

47.3

< 0.001

Kidney parameters

 Potassium

  ≤ 4.8 mmol/L in %

73,615

85.4

81.8

89.8

< 0.001

  > 4.8– ≤ 5.5 mmol/L in %

73,615

12.2

14.6

9.3

< 0.001

  > 5.5– ≤ 6.0 mmol/L in %

73,615

1.6

2.4

0.7

< 0.001

  > 6.0 mmol/L in %

73,615

0.8

1.3

0.3

< 0.001

 Urinary albumin in mg/g

  Normal (< 30 mg/g) in %

240,510

71.9

48.8

100.0

< 0.0001

  Micro (≥ 30–300 mg/g) in %

240,510

22.5

40.8

0.0

< 0.001

  Macro (> 300 mg/g) in %

204,211

5.6

10.4

0.0

< 0.001

 Creatinine in mg/dL

343,513

1.0 (0.8; 1.3)

1.3 (1.0; 1.6)

0.8 (0.7; 1.0)

< 0.001

 eGFR mL/min/1.73 m2

343,675

67.9 (48.9; 85.9)

48.9 (36.3; 59.0)

81.6 (71.0; 96.5)

< 0.001

  < 15

343,675

1.5

3.0

0.0

< 0.001

  15 to < 30 in %

343,675

6.3

12.6

0.0

< 0.001

  30 to < 45 in %

343,675

13.0

25.9

0.0

< 0.001

  45 to < 60 in %

343,675

18.3

36.6

0.0

< 0.001

  60 to < 89 in %

343,675

40.2

14.1

66.3

< 0.001

  ≥ 90 in %

343,675

20.8

7.9

33.7

< 0.001

  1. Median (Q1; Q3) or percent (%)
  2. AntiHT antihypertensive, BP blood pressure, CKD chronic kidney disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus
  3. aDefined as either systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg OR diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg OR on antihypertensive drug treatment
  4. Bdefined as eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 OR eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and albuminuria (≥ 30 mg/g)