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Table 2 Relative risks of HHF and ESRD in SU group vs. DPP4i group (2nd cohort)

From: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor compared with sulfonylurea in combination with metformin: cardiovascular and renal outcomes in a propensity-matched cohort study

Study outcomes

Total

History of baseline HF

No history of baseline HF

SU + MET (n = 4674)

DPP4i + MET (n = 9348)

P-value

SU + MET (n = 412)

DPP4i + MET (n = 824)

P-value

SU + MET (n = 4262)

DPP4i + MET (n = 8524)

P-value

HHF

 N. of events

70

131

 

44

73

 

26

58

 

 Cumulative incidence at 3 years (%)a

1.70 (1.30–2.23)

2.20 (1.82–2.67)

 

11.08 (8.00–15.26)

13.40 (10.53–16.97)

 

0.73 (0.47–1.15)

1.09 (0.81–1.47)

 

 HR (95% CI) at 3 yearsb

1.00

1.39 (1.02–1.90)

0.0369

1.00

1.29 (0.86–1.95)

0.2250

1.00

1.61 (0.97–2.67)

0.0634

 Cumulative incidence at 5 years (%)a

2.97 (2.25–3.91)

3.30 (2.46–4.44)

 

19.96 (14.24–27.58)

19.44 (12.38–29.79)

 

1.21 (0.77–1.91)

1.68 (1.15–2.45)

 

 HR (95% CI) at 5 yearsb

1.00

1.26 (0.95–1.67)

0.1132

1.00

1.12 (0.77–1.64)

0.5574

1.00

1.51 (0.96–2.39)

0.0765

Study outcomes

Total

History of baseline HF

No history of baseline HF

SU + MET (n = 4066)

DPP4i + MET (n = 7635)

P-value

SU + MET (n = 333)

DPP4i + MET (n = 613

P

SU + MET (n = 3733)

DPP4i + MET (n = 7022)

P-value

ESRD eventsc

 N. of events

11

17

 

2

4

 

9

13

 

 Cumulative incidence at 3 years (%)a

0.34 (0.16–0.73)

0.42 (0.25–0.70)

 

0.00

1.23 (0.43–3.51)

 

0.37 (0.17–0.81)

0.35 (0.20–0.63)

 

 HR (95% CI) at 3 yearsb

1.00

1.55 (0.65–3.71)

0.3255

 

–

 

1.00

1.17 (0.47–2.92)

0.7298

 Cumulative incidence at 5 years (%)a

0.77 (0.38–1.54)

0.48 (0.29–0.80)

 

1.81 (0.45–7.11)

1.23 (043–3.51)

 

0.67 (0.31–1.48)

0.42 (0.23–0.75)

 

 HR (95% CI) at 5 yearsb

1.00

1.10 (0.54–2.28)

0.7905

1.00

1.81 (0.45–7.11)

0.3977

1.00

1.04 (0.46–2.35)

0.9313

  1. All of cardiovascular and renal outcomes were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards models comparing dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitor with sulfonylurea in combination with metformin after propensity score matching (PMS). PSM was performed by an optimal 2:1 (case: control) matching within a radius of 0.01
  2. HF, heart failure; DPP-4 inhibitor, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; HHF, hospitalization for heart failure; N, number; HR, hazard ratio; CI confidence interval; and ESRD, end-stage renal disease
  3. aCumulative incidence was calculated based on Kaplan–Meier estimation
  4. bP-value by cox proportional regression model for clustered data
  5. cAdjusted for creatinine