Skip to main content

Table 5 Linear associations between change in heart rate variability indices and change in clinical variables

From: Clinical factors associated with the recovery of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

 

Standardized β

Δ Ln SDNN

Δ Ln RMSSD

Δ LF

Δ HF

Δ LF: HF

Δ Total CAN score

Age (years)

− 0.070

0.021

− 0.330

0.003

0.073*

0.266***

Sex (female)

− 0.050

0.023

− 0.173***

0.030

0.002

0.064

Duration of diabetes (year)

− 0.057

− 0.033

0.040

− 0.032

0.086*

0.161***

Current smoking

0.038

0.038

0.025

0.020

0.030

0.051

Δ Body weight (kg)

− 0.028

− 0.020

− 0.004

− 0.041

0.015

0.074*

Δ BMI (kg/m2)

− 0.030

− 0.024

− 0.002

− 0.041

0.022

0.049

Δ SBP (mmHg)

− 0.013

0.008

− 0.017

− 0.004

0.031

− 0.012

Δ DBP (mmHg

0.013

0.001

0.001

0.007

0.049

0.004

Δ Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

− 0.012

− 0.020

0.010

− 0.026

0.077*

0.002

Δ Triglycerides (mg/dL)

− 0.040

− 0.080*

0.049

− 0.072

0.055

0.054

Δ HDL-C (mg/dL)

0.017

0.015

0.008

0.037

− 0.046

0.010

Δ LDL-C (mg/dL)

0.015

0.002

0.033

0.026

0.046

0.014

Δ Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)

− 0.060

− 0.006

0.026

− 0.012

0.019

0.004

Δ HbA1c (%)

− 0.079*

− 0.044

− 0.020

− 0.043

0.045

0.248***

Mean HbA1c (%)

− 0.062

− 0.070

0.036

− 0.056

0.032

0.085*

Adjusted SD of HbA1c (%)

− 0.004

− 0.040

0.060

− 0.030

− 0.022

0.083*

CV of HbA1c

0.011

− 0.029

0.053

0.011

− 0.040

0.081*

Δ Change in insulin, yes

− 0.009

− 0.002

− 0.015

0.019

0.071

0.016

Δ Change in oral anti-diabetes drug, yes

0.019

− 0.020

0.025

− 0.013

− 0.029

− 0.060

Δ Change in statin, yes

0.032

0.012

0.030

0.015

0.001

− 0.023

Δ Change in anti-hypertensive drug, yes

− 0.030

− 0.031

0.066

− 0.025

0.097**

0.175***

Δ Change in anti-platelet/anti-coagulant, yes

0.046

0.062

− 0.015

0.048

0.003

0.076*

  1. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001