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Table 2 Development of body mass index and body mass index standard deviation scores over the follow-up according to sex

From: Developmental trajectories of body mass index from childhood into late adolescence and subsequent late adolescence–young adulthood cardiometabolic risk markers

Follow-up age (years)

n (males, females)

BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR)

% Overweight* (males, females)

% Obesity** (males, females)

BMI SDS, median (IQR)

P-value

Males

Females

Males

Females

4

137, 120

15.59 (1.58)

15.25 (1.70)

7.3, 8.3

1.5, 2.5

− 0.05 (1.32)

− 0.20 (1.33)

0.23

5

286, 267

15.52 (1.41)

15.21 (1.65)

6.6, 5.2

0.7, 0

0.08 (1.00)

− 0.15(1.21)

0.04

6

300, 287

15.48 (1.50)

15.29 (1.85)

6.3, 7.3

2.3, 0.7

0.00 (0.99)

− 0.13 (1.27)

0.04

7

311, 303

15.66 (1.75)

15.41 (2.07)

5.5, 7.9

1.9, 1.0

− 0.06 (1.03)

− 0.21 (1.24)

0.19

8

330, 313

15.91 (2.15)

15.78 (2.43)

5.8, 7.0

1.8, 1.0

− 0.13 (1.08)

− 0.20 (1.26)

0.13

9

350, 323

16.48 (2.51)

16.22 (2.60)

6.3, 5.0

0.6, 0.3

− 0.09 (1.10)

− 0.21 (1.21)

0.04

10

350, 323

17.12 (2.95)

16.61 (3.18)

6.0, 4.3

0.3, 0.3

− 0.07 (1.14)

− 0.28 (1.31)

0.01

11

345, 326

17.66 (3.30)

17.13 (3.46)

7.0, 3.4

0.6, 0

− 0.12 (1.17)

− 0.32 (1.29)

0.02

12

343, 323

18.36 (3.77)

18.1 (3.89)

6.1, 3.4

1.7, 0

− 0.14 (1.27)

− 0.23 (1.35)

0.15

13

340, 323

19.16 (3.78)

18.77 (3.76)

5.8, 4.6

1.5, 0

− 0.13 (1.27)

− 0.26 (1.29)

0.40

14

337, 316

19.76 (3.84)

19.64 (3.80)

6.2, 5.4

1.5, 0.3

− 0.17 (1.24)

− 0.21 (1.31)

0.39

15

335, 315

20.34 (4.25)

20.31 (3.74)

8.7, 5.1

1.2, 0

− 0.18 (1.40)

− 0.20 (1.29)

0.50

16

314, 289

21.07 (3.84)

20.89 (3.55)

9.6, 5.5

2.5, 0.3

− 0.10 (1.24)

− 0.16 (1.23)

0.14

17

287, 265

21.78 (4.37)

21.19 (3.66)

10.1, 4.9

2.4, 1.1

0.03 (1.38)

− 0.17 (1.27)

0.01

18

265, 256

22.21 (4.00)

21.47 (3.83)

9.1, 7.0

3.8, 1.2

0.13 (1.25)

− 0.10 (1.33)

< 0.01

  1. BMI body mass index, IQR interquartile range, SDS standard deviation scores, n = count,  % = percentage. *BMI > 90th and **BMI > 97th age- and sex-specific percentile, according to the national German reference [53]. P-values of the difference between sexes were obtained from Wilcoxon-Mann–Whitney test