Variable | Diabetes low efflux n = 37 | Diabetes high efflux n = 37 | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Demographic and clinical characteristics | |||
Age, years | 17.0 ± 1.6 | 16.5 ± 1.9 | 0.191 |
Sex female (%) | 21 (57) | 21 (57) | 1.000 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.5 ± 4.0 | 23.3 ± 3.6 | 0.804 |
BMI z score | 0.42 ± 0.95 | 0.51 ± 0.80 | 0.644 |
Ethnicity, n-Caucasian (%) | 26 (70) | 28 (76) | 0.397 |
Diabetes duration, years | 3 (1–13.5–8) | 3 (1–5) | 0.200 |
Carotid intima media thickness mean | 0.486 ± 0.070 | 0.474 ± 0.045 | 0.386 |
Clinical and lab values | |||
SBP | 111 ± 10 | 110 ± 13 | 0.634 |
SBP z score | − 0.29 ± 0.80 | − 0.28 ± 1.1 | 0.935 |
DBP | 62 ± 7 | 62 ± 9 | 0.953 |
DBP z score | − 0.46 ± 0.62 | − 0.38 ± 0.78 | 0.647 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 141.9 ± 26.6 | 142.0 ± 26.1 | 0.999 |
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 52.8 ± 7.9 | 60.4 ± 10.7 | 0.001 |
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 78.7 ± 26.2 | 70.4 ± 23.9 | 0.159 |
Triglycerides, mg/dL | 86.1 ± 37.1 | 82.1 ± 30.4 | 0.609 |
High sensitive C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 0.55 (0.2–15.8) | 0.60 (0.2–9.5) | 0.593 |
HDL efflux capacity | 0.89 ± 0.07 | 1.07 ± 0.07 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c | 8.26 ± 1.22 | 8.50 ± 1.49 | 0.458 |
NMR values | |||
HDL particle number | 29.8 (23.4–45.2) | 31.1 (24.2–42.2) | 0.155 |
Small HDL particle number | 12.5 (0–25.8) | 10.0 (0.1–20.8) | 0.375 |
Medium HDL particle number | 10.8 (2.0–28.3) | 11.8 (2.227.9) | 0.593 |
Large HDL particle number | 6.5 (3.3–10.0) | 9.2 (3.9–17.4) | 0.0003 |
HDL-z | 9.7 (8.7–10.7) | 10.0 (8.9–10.7) | 0.018 |
LDL particle number | 811 (316–1553) | 713 (90–1171) | 0.054 |
Small LDL particle number | 342 (0–1236) | 218 (0.0–947) | 0.006 |
Large LDL particle number | 252 (0.1–709) | 279 (0–650) | 0.619 |
LDL-z | 20.5 (19.7–21.8) | 20.7 (19.6–21.6) | 0.284 |
VLDL particle number | 40.3 (0–85) | 40.6 (12.0–91.7) | 0.957 |
Small VLDL particle number | 34.0 (0.5–57.1) | 31.1 (5.3–67.8) | 0.829 |
Medium VLDL particle number | 7.1 (0–37.5) | 9.4 (0.1–33.4) | 0.430 |
Large VLDL particle number | 2.2 (0.114.0) | 1.8 (0.2–13.7) | 0.183 |
VLDL z | 47.0 (36.5–63.2) | 46.5 (40.0–71.2) | 0.631 |
Apolipoprotein A | 135.0 (102.5–181.4) | 154.3 (125.8–237.2) | 0.0001 |
Apolipoprotein B | 75.9 (36.0–137.9) | 75.9 (27.1–121.1) | 0.905 |
Ratio of Apo A/Apo B | 1.85 (0.92–3.63) | 2.09 (1.10–5.74) | 0.029 |