TA group | P | No TA group | P | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basal | Follow-up | Basal | Follow-up | |||
N | 1000 | 1000 | 1504 | 1504 | ||
Mean age (years) | 68.1 ± 6.5 | – | 67.2 ± 6.4* | – | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0 ± 2.0 | 26.9 ± 1.9 | 0.001 | 27.6 ± 1.8* | 26.9 ± 2.1 | 0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 128.0 ± 13.0 | 123.0 ± 11.7 | 0.001 | 127.0 ± 13.1 | 125.0 ± 13.1* | 0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 79.0 ± 6.8 | 76.0 ± 6.6 | 0.001 | 79.0 ± 6.7 | 76.2 ± 6.8 | 0.001 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 85.0 ± 8.9 | 76.1 ± 8.6 | 0.001 | 87.0 ± 8.7* | 77.0 ± 8.5* | 0.001 |
TIMI flow grade, n (%) | ||||||
Grade 0 | 705 (70.5) | – | – | 978 (65.0)* | – | – |
Grade 1 | 157 (15.7) | – | – | 218 (14.5) | – | – |
Grade 2/3 | 92 (13.8) | – | – | 309 (20.5)* | – | – |
Killip class 3–4, n (%) | 60 (6) | – | 76 (5) | – | ||
Diabetes, n (%) | 185 (18.5) | – | – | 283 (18.8) | – | – |
Newly diabetes, n (%) | – | 136 (13.6) | – | 228 (15.2) | – | |
Hypertension, n (%) | 503 (50.3) | – | – | 743 (49.4) | – | – |
Hyperlipemia, n (%) | 275 (27.5) | – | – | 443 (29.5) | – | – |
Cigarette smoking, n (%) | 444 (44.4) | – | – | 565 (37.6)* | – | – |
Active treatments | ||||||
β-blockers, n (%) | 296 (26.6) | 824 (82.4) | 0.001 | 392 (26.1)* | 1221 (81.2) | 0.001 |
ACE inhibitors, n (%) | 211 (21.1) | 504 (50.4) | 0.001 | 272 (18.1)* | 734 (48.8) | 0.001 |
Angiotensin receptor blockers, n (%) | 165 (16.5) | 372 (37.2) | 0.001 | 218 (14.5) | 554 (36.8) | 0.001 |
Calcium inhibitor, n (%) | 129 (12.9) | 210 (21.0) | 0.001 | 159 (10.6)* | 300 (19.9) | 0.001 |
Nitrate, n (%) | – | 577 (57.7) | – | – | 916 (60.9) | |
Statins, n (%) | 286 (28.6) | 917 (91.7) | 0.001 | 428 (28.5) | 1381 (91.8) | 0.001 |
Diuretic, n (%) | 96 (9.6) | 92 (9.2) | 0.409 | 175 (11.6) | 111 (7.4) | 0.001 |
Insulin, n (%) | 78 (7.8) | 174 (17.4) | 0.001 | 129 (8.6) | 353 (23.5)* | 0.001 |
Oral anti-diabetic, n (%) | 168 (16.8) | 282 (28.2) | 0.001 | 266 (17.6) | 534 (35.5)* | 0.001 |
Aspirin, n (%) | 432 (43.2) | 973 (97.3) | 0.001 | 601 (40.0) | 1459 (97.0)* | 0.001 |
Thienopyridine, n (%) | 63 (6.3) | 949 (94.9) | 0.001 | 120 (8.0) | 1432 (95.2) | 0.001 |
Dual anti-aggregant therapy | – | 937 (93.7) | – | – | 1399 (93.0) | – |
Low-molecular heparin, n (%) | – | 12 (12.4) | – | – | 190 (12.6) | – |
Vitamin-K antagonist, n (%) | – | 37 (3.7) | – | – | 54 (3.6) | – |
Laboratory analyses | ||||||
Plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 138.3 ± 26.4 | 109.1 ± 22.9 | 0.001 | 141.7 ± 50.1 | 109.6 ± 18.8 | 0.001 |
Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 198.8 ± 20.3 | 194.4 ± 22.8 | 0.001 | 196.2 ± 24.1* | 193.9 ± 23.6 | 0.01 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 125.6 ± 19.6 | 121.2 ± 22.4 | 0.001 | 123.7 ± 22.7* | 120.9 ± 22.2 | 0.001 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 39.7 ± 3.6 | 41.1 ± 3.8 | 0.001 | 38.0 ± 3.7* | 41.0 ± 3.9* | 0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 168.0 ± 24.0 | 160.3 ± 24.7 | 0.001 | 180.6 ± 24.4* | 160.9 ± 22.2 | 0.001 |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.001 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.01 ± 0.1 | 0.001 |
cTnT (ng/l) | 5.6 ± 1.4 | – | – | 5.8 ± 1.7 | – | – |
Procedural data | ||||||
Symptom to angiography (min) | 136.9 ± 37.2 | – | – | 135.8 ± 41.1 | – | – |
Insulin infusion time (min) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Angiographic data | ||||||
Number of diseased vessels, n (%) | ||||||
1-VD | 704 (70.4) | – | – | 1055 (70.1) | – | – |
2-VD | 244 (24.4) | – | – | 356 (23.7) | – | – |
3-VD | 52 (5.2) | – | – | 93 (6.2) | – | – |
Lesion location, n (%) | ||||||
RCA | 512 (51.2) | – | – | 665 (44.2)* | – | – |
LAD | 390 (39.0) | – | – | 581 (38.6) | – | – |
LM | 151 (15.1) | – | – | 196 (13.0) | – | – |
LCx | 298 (29.8) | – | – | 604 (40.2)* | – | – |
Trombus grade—Sianos et al. n (%) | ||||||
G0 none | 94 (9.4) | – | – | 143 (9.5) | – | – |
G1 possible | 86 (12.9) | – | – | 194 (12.9) | – | – |
G2 small | 78 (7.8) | – | – | 124 (8.2) | – | – |
G3 medium | 181 (18.1) | – | – | 275 (18.3) | – | – |
G4 large | 193 (19.3) | – | – | 292 (19.4) | – | – |
G5 v. occlusion | 332 (33.2) | – | – | 476 (31.6) | – | – |
Dimension (largest) (mm) | 5.5 ± 1.6 | – | – | – | – | – |
Dimension (length) (mm) | 22.5 ± 1.9 | – | – | – | – | – |
LVEF, n (%) | ||||||
> 50 | 513 (51.3) | 571 (57.1) | 0.005 | 813 (54.1) | 881 (58.5) | 0.008 |
41–50 | 413 (41.3) | 374 (37.4) | 0.041 | 614 (40.8) | 548 (36.8) | 0.007 |
25–40 | 74 (7.4) | 54 (5.4) | 0.046 | 76 (5.1)* | 75 (5.0) | 0.533 |
Quantitative angiographic data | ||||||
Lesion length (mm) | 20.5 ± 2.0 | – | – | 20.3 ± 2.0* | – | – |
Reference diameter (mm) | 2.7 ± 0.3 | – | – | 2.8 ± 0.2* | – | – |
MLD (mm) | 1.05 ± 0.2 | – | – | 1.07 ± 0.2* | – | – |
MLD post (in-stent) (mm) | 2.6 ± 0.3 | – | – | 2.6 ± 0.3 | – | – |
Stent types, n (%) | ||||||
BMS | 455 (45.5) | – | – | 642 (41.6) | – | – |
DES | 545 (54.5) | – | – | 873 (56.4) | – | – |
TIMI gr 3 post PCI | 920 (92.0) | – | – | 1355 (90.1) | – | – |
TIMI gr 2 post PCI | 54 (5.4) | – | – | 92 (6.1) | – | – |
TIMI gr 1 post PCI | 22 (2.2) | – | – | 47 (3.1) | – | – |
TIMI gr 0 post PCI | 4 (0.4) | – | – | 12 (0.8) | – | – |
Multivessel intervention | 241 (24.1) | – | – | 363 (24.1) | – | – |
Clinical outcomes | ||||||
All cause deaths | – | 56 (5.6) | – | – | 96 (6.4) | – |
Cardiac deaths | – | 48 (4.8) | – | – | 89 (5.9) | – |
Acute coronary syndrome | – | 67 (6.7) | – | – | 107 (7.1) | – |
Heart failure | – | 121 (12.1) | – | – | 186 (12.4) | – |
Stroke | – | 12 (1.2) | – | – | 19 (1.3) | – |