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Table 2 Characteristics of ACS patients with diabetes/possible diabetes

From: Prevalence and in-hospital outcomes of diabetes among patients with acute coronary syndrome in China: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Acute Coronary Syndrome Project

  All ACS STEMI NSTE-ACS
Diabetes/possible diabetes (N = 23,880) No diabetes (N = 39,570) p value Diabetes/possible diabetes (N = 14,650) No diabetes (N = 25,143) p value Diabetes/possible diabetes (N = 9230) No diabetes (N = 14,427) p value
Age, mean (SD), years 64.2 (11.9) 62.1 (12.7) < 0.001 62.9 (12.0) 61.0 (12.9) < 0.001 66.3 (11.3) 64.1 (12.2) < 0.001
Women, n (%) 7159 (30.0) 8764 (22.2) < 0.001 3904 (26.7) 4744 (18.9) < 0.001 3255 (35.3) 4020 (27.9) < 0.001
Vital signs
 SBP levels, mean (SD) 131.7 (24.3) 129.1 (22.9) < 0.001 128.4 (24.2) 126.3 (22.9) < 0.001 136.9 (23.5) 133.9 (22.1) < 0.001
 DBP levels, mean (SD) 77.9 (14.5) 78.0 (14.3) 0.543 77.8 (15.0) 77.5 (14.6) 0.629 78.4 (13.5) 78.8 (13.6) 0.040
 Heart rate, mean (SD) 79.6 (17.2) 76.1 (15.5) < 0.001 80.0 (17.5) 76.8 (15.8) < 0.001 79.1 (16.6) 74.8 (14.8) < 0.001
Risk factors
 Hypertension, n (%) 17,180 (71.9) 24,176 (61.1) < 0.001 9961 (68.0) 14,350 (57.1) < 0.001 7219 (78.2) 9826 (68.1) < 0.001
 Elevated LDL-Ca, n (%) 18,024 (83.7) 30,517 (85.1) 0.010 11,375 (86.5) 19,760 (86.9) 0.257 6649 (79.3) 10,757 (82.0) < 0.001
 Low HDL-Cb, n (%) 10,634 (49.1) 15,238 (42.4) < 0.001 6293 (47.6) 9768 (42.8) < 0.001 4341 (51.5) 5470 (41.6) < 0.001
 Elevated TGc, n (%) 5194 (23.9) 5911 (16.4) < 0.001 3094 (23.3) 3659 (16.0) < 0.001 2100 (24.9) 2252 (17.1) < 0.001
 Current smoker, n (%)
  Men 8499 (50.8) 17,421 (56.6) < 0.001 5848 (54.4) 12,081 (59.2) < 0.001 2651 (44.4) 5340 (51.3) < 0.001
  Women 572 (8.0) 851 (9.7) < 0.001 371 (9.5) 547 (11.5) 0.002 201 (6.2) 304 (7.6) 0.021
History of diseases
 CHD, n (%) 3197 (13.4) 3766 (9.5) < 0.001 1186 (8.1) 1491 (5.9) < 0.001 2011 (21.8) 2275 (15.8) < 0.001
 Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) 2911 (12.2) 3200 (8.1) < 0.001 1587 (10.8) 1850 (7.4) < 0.001 1324 (14.3) 1350 (9.4) < 0.001
 Heart failure, n (%) 706 (3.0) 553 (1.4) < 0.001 199 (1.4) 178 (0.7) < 0.001 507 (5.5) 375 (2.6) < 0.001
 Atrial fibrillation, n (%) 674 (2.8) 855 (2.2) < 0.001 253 (1.7) 328 (1.3) 0.001 421 (4.6) 527 (3.7) 0.001
 PAD, n (%) 293 (1.2) 325 (0.8) < 0.001 102 (0.7) 145 (0.6) 0.143 191 (2.1) 180 (1.3) <0.001
 Renal failure, n (%) 645 (2.7) 423 (1.1) < 0.001 237 (1.6) 188 (0.8) < 0.001 408 (4.4) 235 (1.6) < 0.001
Severe clinical conditions
 Heart failured, n (%) 2805 (11.9) 2813 (7.2) < 0.001 1683 (11.6) 1816 (7.3) < 0.001 1122 (12.3) 997 (7.0) < 0.001
 Cardiac shocke, n (%) 874 (3.7) 1049 (2.7) < 0.001 728 (5.0) 892 (3.6) < 0.001 146 (1.6) 157 (1.1) 0.001
 Cardiac arrestf, n (%) 522 (2.2) 693 (1.8) < 0.001 427 (2.9) 605 (2.4) 0.005 95 (1.0) 88 (0.6) < 0.001
 Killip classg, n (%)    < 0.001    < 0.001    < 0.001
  II–III 6700 (28.1) 9406 (23.8)   3924 (26.9) 5870 (23.4)   2776 (30.2) 3536 (24.6)  
  IV 1569 (6.6) 1725 (4.4)   1147 (7.9) 1325 (5.3)   422 (4.6) 400 (2.8)  
 Fivefold elevated myocardial injury markerh 16,800 (72.7) 26,759 (70.5) < 0.001 11,779 (82.6) 19,638 (81.0) < 0.001 5021 (56.8) 7121 (51.9) < 0.001
 GRACE score ≥ 140i, n (%) 8632 (39.2) 11,196 (31.2) < 0.001 9074 (65.7) 16,819 (72) < 0.001 3887 (47.3) 4644 (37.0) < 0.001
Type of ACS, n (%)    < 0.001       
 STEMI 14,650 (61.4) 25,143 (63.5)   – – – – – –
 NSTE-ACS 9230 (38.7) 14,427 (36.5)   – – – – – –
Patients with referral, n (%) 10,148 (42.5) 18,396 (46.5) < 0.001 7198 (49.2) 13,347 (53.1) < 0.001 2950 (32.0) 5049 (35.0) < 0.001
  1. ACS acute coronary syndrome, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglyceride, CHD coronary heart disease, PAD peripheral artery disease, GRACE Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events, ACS acute coronary syndrome, STEMI ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, NSTE-ACS non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome
  2. a Elevated LDL-C, data of LDL-C were not available for 6060 patients
  3. b Decreased HDL-C, data of HDL-C were not available for 5860 patients
  4. c Elevated TG, data of TG were not available for 5614 patients
  5. d Heart failure, data of heart failure were not available for 766 patients
  6. e Cardiac shock, data of cardiac shock were not available for 743 patients
  7. f Cardiac arrest, data of cardiac arrest were not available for 807 patients
  8. g Killip class, data of first Killip class were not available for 181 patients
  9. h Fivefold elevated myocardial injury markers, data of myocardial injury markers were not available for 2390 patients
  10. i GRACE score, data of cardiac arrest were not available for 5504 patients
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