Impact of intravenous exenatide infusion for perioperative blood glucose control on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injuries after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: sub study of the phase II/III ExSTRESS randomized trial

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the control and exenatide groups

	Control group (n = 43)	Exenatide group (n = 49)	Standardized difference
Age (years)	69 [61–76]	71 [63–75]	− 0.26
Males^a	36 (84%)	46 (94%)	− 0.33
ASA physical status III^a	41 (95%)	46 (94%)	0.06
Comorbities^a
Smoking	21 (49%)	28 (57%)	− 0.17
Hypertension	30 (70%)	29 (59%)	0.22
Dyslipidemia	25 (58%)	30 (61%)	− 0.06
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg m⁻²)	10 (23%)	7 (14%)	0.23
Diabetes mellitus	9 (21%)	10 (20%)	0.01
Creatinine clearance (ml min⁻¹)	82 [74–93]	82 [75–90]	0.02
Fasting blood glucose (mg dl⁻¹)	105 [99–115]	101 [94–112]	0.23
Glycated hemoglobin (%)	5.7 [5.5–6.1]	6.0 [5.6–6.3]	− 0.33
Euroscore	4.8 [3.5–7.3]	5.4 [4.6–7.3]	− 0.07
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)^a
< 30	0 (0%)	1 (2%)
30–50	6 (14%)	15 (31%)
> 50	37 (86%)	33 (67%)
Surgical procedure
Number of bypass grafts	3 [2–4]	3 [2–4]	− 0.30
Duration of surgery (min)^b	237 (58)	251 (58)	− 0.24
On-pump surgery	29 (67%)	33 (67%)	0.00
Duration of ECC (min)^a	67 [53–84]	71 [59–91]	− 0.23
Duration of aortic cross clamping (min)^a	61 [46–89]	63 [52–79]	0.16
Maintenance of anesthesia
Sevoflurane^a	8 (19)	11 (22)	0.80
Propofol^a	14 (32)	16 (33)	1.00
Propofol and sevoflurane^a,c	21 (49)	22 (45)	0.83

Data are median [interquartile range 25–75%]
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, BMI body mass index, ECC extracorporeal circulation
^aData are number of patients (percentage)
^bData are mean (standard deviation)
^cGeneral anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane until the start of cardiopulmonary bypass; then, the inhalation of sevoflurane was definitely stopped and target-controlled infusion of propofol was started and was proceeded until the end of general anesthesia

ISSN: 1475-2840