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Table 3 Distribution and in-hospital mortality according to the study variables of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients and matched nondiabetic controls with a bioprosthetic surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR)
| T2DM | Matched non-T2DM | p | IHM T2DM | IHM Matched non-T2DM | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year, n (%) | ||||||
| 2001–2003 | 588 (6.2) | 588 (6.2) | NA | 35 (5.9) | 39 (6.6) | 0.638 |
| 2004–2006 | 1288 (13.5) | 1288 (13.5) | 94 (7.3) | 104 (8.1) | 0.459 | |
| 2007–2009 | 1831 (19.3) | 1831 (19.3) | 111 (6.1) | 128 (6.9) | 0.253 | |
| 2010–2012 | 2676 (28.1) | 2676 (28.1) | 110 (4.1) | 141 (5.3) | 0.045 | |
| 2013–2015 | 3126 (32.9) | 3126 (32.9) | 104 (3.3) | 163 (5.2) | < 0.001 | |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||||
| Male | 5346 (56.2) | 5346 (56.2) | NA | 243 (4.5) | 288 (5.4) | 0.045 |
| Female | 4163 (43.8) | 4163 (43.8) | 211 (5.1) | 287 (6.9) | < 0.001 | |
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 74.86 (5.7) | 74.86 (5.7) | NA | 75.6 (5.4) | 75.9 (5.7) | 0.845 |
| Age group, mean (SD), years | ||||||
| 40–64 | 398 (4.2) | 398 (4.2) | NA | 16 (4.0) | 19 (4.8) | 0.591 |
| 65–74 | 3757 (39.5) | 3757 (39.5) | 158 (4.2) | 179 (4.8) | 0.247 | |
| 75–84 | 5150 (54.2) | 5150 (54.2) | 267 (5.2) | 359 (6.9) | < 0.001 | |
| ≥ 85 | 204 (2.1) | 204 (2.1) | 13 (6.4) | 18 (8.8) | 0.339 | |
| CCI, mean (SD) | 0.7 (0.7) | 0.7 (0.6) | 0.011 | 1.23 (1) | 1.14 (0.9) | 0.469 |
| CCI, n (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 4600 (48.4) | 4681 (49.2) | 0.046 | 118 (2.6) | 156 (3.3) | 0.195 |
| 1 | 3235 (34.0) | 3274 (34.4) | 172 (5.3) | 232 (7.1) | 0.186 | |
| 2+ | 1674 (17.6) | 1554 (16.3) | 164 (9.8) | 187 (12.0) | 0.006 | |
| COPD, n (%) | ||||||
| No | 8597 (90.4) | 8584 (90.3) | 0.754 | 403 (4.7) | 523 (6.1) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 912 (9.6) | 925 (9.7) | 51 (5.6) | 52 (5.6) | 0.067 | |
| Renal dysfunction, n (%) | ||||||
| No | 8383 (88.2) | 8731 (91.8) | < 0.001 | 370 (4.4) | 499 (5.7) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 1126 (11.8) | 778 (8.2) | 84 (7.5) | 76 (9.8) | 0.782 | |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | ||||||
| No | 5237 (55.1) | 6240 (65.6) | < 0.001 | 194 (3.7) | 320 (5.1) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 4272 (44.9) | 3269 (34.4) | 260 (6.1) | 255 (7.8) | 0.599 | |
| Occlusive peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | ||||||
| No | 8564 (90.1) | 8271 (86.9) | < 0.001 | 404 (4.7) | 503 (6.1) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 945 (9.9) | 1238 (13.0) | 50 (5.3) | 72 (5.8) | 0.178 | |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | ||||||
| No | 6385 (67.1) | 5968 (62.8) | < 0.001 | 316 (4.9) | 375 (6.3) | 0.380 |
| Yes | 3124 (32.8) | 3541 (37.2) | 138 (4.4) | 200 (5.6) | 0.013 | |
| CABG, n (%) | ||||||
| No | 6553 (68.9) | 7200 (75.7) | < 0.001 | 285 (4.3) | 384 (5.3) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 2956 (31.1) | 2309 (24.3) | 169 (5.7) | 191 (8.3) | 0.184 | |
| Pacemaker implantation, n (%) | ||||||
| No | 9044 (95.1) | 9078 (95.5) | 0.248 | 430 (4.7) | 549 (6.0) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 465 (4.9) | 431 (4.5) | 24 (5.2) | 26 (6.0) | 0.215 | |
| LOHS, mean (SD) | 18.2 (14.9) | 18.2 (17.1) | 0.706 | 24.6 (18.5) | 28.0 (21.0) | 0.569 |
