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Table 3 Distribution and in-hospital mortality according to the study variables of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients and matched nondiabetic controls with a bioprosthetic surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR)

From: Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the utilization and in-hospital outcomes of surgical aortic valve replacement in Spain (2001–2015)

  T2DM Matched non-T2DM p IHM T2DM IHM Matched non-T2DM p
Year, n (%)
 2001–2003 588 (6.2) 588 (6.2) NA 35 (5.9) 39 (6.6) 0.638
 2004–2006 1288 (13.5) 1288 (13.5) 94 (7.3) 104 (8.1) 0.459
 2007–2009 1831 (19.3) 1831 (19.3) 111 (6.1) 128 (6.9) 0.253
 2010–2012 2676 (28.1) 2676 (28.1) 110 (4.1) 141 (5.3) 0.045
 2013–2015 3126 (32.9) 3126 (32.9) 104 (3.3) 163 (5.2) < 0.001
Sex, n (%)
 Male 5346 (56.2) 5346 (56.2) NA 243 (4.5) 288 (5.4) 0.045
 Female 4163 (43.8) 4163 (43.8) 211 (5.1) 287 (6.9) < 0.001
Age in years, mean (SD) 74.86 (5.7) 74.86 (5.7) NA 75.6 (5.4) 75.9 (5.7) 0.845
Age group, mean (SD), years
 40–64 398 (4.2) 398 (4.2) NA 16 (4.0) 19 (4.8) 0.591
 65–74 3757 (39.5) 3757 (39.5) 158 (4.2) 179 (4.8) 0.247
 75–84 5150 (54.2) 5150 (54.2) 267 (5.2) 359 (6.9) < 0.001
 ≥ 85 204 (2.1) 204 (2.1) 13 (6.4) 18 (8.8) 0.339
CCI, mean (SD) 0.7 (0.7) 0.7 (0.6) 0.011 1.23 (1) 1.14 (0.9) 0.469
CCI, n (%)
 0 4600 (48.4) 4681 (49.2) 0.046 118 (2.6) 156 (3.3) 0.195
 1 3235 (34.0) 3274 (34.4) 172 (5.3) 232 (7.1) 0.186
 2+ 1674 (17.6) 1554 (16.3) 164 (9.8) 187 (12.0) 0.006
COPD, n (%)
 No 8597 (90.4) 8584 (90.3) 0.754 403 (4.7) 523 (6.1) < 0.001
 Yes 912 (9.6) 925 (9.7) 51 (5.6) 52 (5.6) 0.067
Renal dysfunction, n (%)
 No 8383 (88.2) 8731 (91.8) < 0.001 370 (4.4) 499 (5.7) < 0.001
 Yes 1126 (11.8) 778 (8.2) 84 (7.5) 76 (9.8) 0.782
Coronary artery disease, n (%)
 No 5237 (55.1) 6240 (65.6) < 0.001 194 (3.7) 320 (5.1) < 0.001
 Yes 4272 (44.9) 3269 (34.4) 260 (6.1) 255 (7.8) 0.599
Occlusive peripheral arterial disease, n (%)
 No 8564 (90.1) 8271 (86.9) < 0.001 404 (4.7) 503 (6.1) < 0.001
 Yes 945 (9.9) 1238 (13.0) 50 (5.3) 72 (5.8) 0.178
Atrial fibrillation, n (%)
 No 6385 (67.1) 5968 (62.8) < 0.001 316 (4.9) 375 (6.3) 0.380
 Yes 3124 (32.8) 3541 (37.2) 138 (4.4) 200 (5.6) 0.013
CABG, n (%)
 No 6553 (68.9) 7200 (75.7) < 0.001 285 (4.3) 384 (5.3) < 0.001
 Yes 2956 (31.1) 2309 (24.3) 169 (5.7) 191 (8.3) 0.184
Pacemaker implantation, n (%)
 No 9044 (95.1) 9078 (95.5) 0.248 430 (4.7) 549 (6.0) < 0.001
 Yes 465 (4.9) 431 (4.5) 24 (5.2) 26 (6.0) 0.215
LOHS, mean (SD) 18.2 (14.9) 18.2 (17.1) 0.706 24.6 (18.5) 28.0 (21.0) 0.569
  1. The p value for the difference between patients with type 2 diabetes and matched controls was calculated with the bivariate conditional logistic regression model
  2. CABG, coronary artery bypass surgery; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LOHS, length of hospital stay; IHM, in-hospital mortality; NA, not applicable, as this is a matching variable
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