Table 1 Baseline characteristics in patients and controls
Patients n = 384 | Controls n = 184 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | |||
Age, years | 61 (5) | 64 (9) | < 0.001 |
Female, n (%) | 113 (29) | 91 (49) | < 0.001 |
Smoker or former smoker, n (%) | 257 (67) | 91 (49) | < 0.001 |
Height, cm | 174 (12) | 172 (14) | ns |
Weight, kg | 90 (19) | 76 (21) | < 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 30 (6) | 26 (5) | < 0.001 |
Medical history | |||
Diabetes duration, years | 6 (7) | 0 | na |
Angina pectoris, n (%) | 30 (8) | 3 (2) | < 0.01 |
Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 24 (6) | 5 (3) | ns |
Coronary revascularization, n (%) | 25 (6) | 4 (2) | < 0.05 |
Heart failure, n (%) | 8 (2) | 0 | na |
Hypertension, n (%) | 253 (66) | 43 (23) | < 0.001 |
Medication | |||
Loop diuretics, n (%) | 26 (7) | 0 | na |
Statins, n (%) | 230 (60) | 19 (10) | < 0.001 |
ACEI and/or ARB, n (%) | 187 (49) | 21 (11) | < 0.001 |
Calcium channel blocker, n (%) | 68 (18) | 9 (6) | < 0.001 |
β-Blocker, n (%) | 138 (36) | 25 (14) | < 0.001 |
Laboratory analyses | |||
HbA1c, % | 5.8 (1.3) | na | |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.5 (1.0) | 1.1 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides, mg/dL | 133 (88) | 97 (71) | < 0.001 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.5 (0.9) | 3.5 (1.0) | < 0.001 |
LDL-C, mg/dL | 96 (35) | 135 (39) | < 0.001 |
Microalbuminuria, n (%) | 60 (16) | 7 (4) | < 0.001 |
Creatinine, µmol/L | 88 (23) | 77 (20) | < 0.001 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.00 (0.26) | 0.87 (0.23) | < 0.001 |
GFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 70 (20) | 76 (18) | < 0.001 |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | |||
Systolic blood pressure | 137 (20) | 128 (30) | < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure | 78 (12) | 74 (15) | < 0.001 |