Table 5 Observed percentage changes of glucose and lipid variables of patients during combination therapy of metformin (M) and atorvastatin (A)/simvastatin (S)
Nr. | Study ref. | Treatment before the study | Combination treatment | Daily doses | Time (months) | N | Differences: end of the study versus baseline (%) | Subject type | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMI | HOMA IR | FFA | FPG | HbA1c | TG | TC | LDL | HDL | ||||||||
1 | [138] | 40 mg S | S + P | 40 mg S | 3 | 21 |  | − 2 | − 2 | 1 (6.5) |  | − 1 (1.39) |  |  |  | Patients with isolated IFGa, who because of hypercholesterolemia and/or coronary artery disease were treated for at least 3 months with S (40 mg daily), thus have a normal lipid profile (TC < 5.17 mmol/l, LDL < 3.36 mmol/l, TG < 1.69 mmol/l) |
40 mg S | S + M | 40 mg S + 3 × 1000 mg M | 3 | 20 |  | − 62 | − 25 | − 5 (6.6) |  | − 12 (1.37) |  |  |  | |||
2 | [139] | 40 mg S | S + P | 40 mg S | 3 | 29 |  | 10 | − 2 | 3 (6.2) | 2 |  |  |  |  | |
40 mg S | S + M | 40 mg S + 3 × 1000 mg M | 3 |  |  | − 57 | − 32 | − 5 (6.3) | − 8 |  |  |  |  | |||
3 | [140] | 40 mg S | S + P | 40 mg S | 3 | 29 |  | 4 | − 3 | 2 (6.3) | 0 | 2 (1.45) | 1 | 1 | − 2 | |
40 mg S | S + M | 40 mg S + 3x 1000 mg M | 3 | 24 |  | − 55 | − 24 | − 5 (6.4) | − 11 | − 14 (1.41) | − 2 | − 3 | 8 | |||
4 | [141] | – | M | 850 mg M | 3 | 17 |  | − 22 |  | − 11 | − 17 | − 1 | 10 |  | 6 | Newly diagnosed T2DM with/without hypercholesterolemia (9/17 patients) and/or family history of DM (9/17) |
– | M + A | 850 mg M + 10 mg A | 3 | 18 |  | − 2 |  | − 15 | − 19 | − 23 | − 28 |  | − 10 | Newly diagnosed T2DM with/without hypercholesterolemia (14/17 patients) and/or family history of DM (15/18) | ||
5 | [142] | – | M | 850 mg M | 1.5 | 17 |  |  |  | ~− 10 (9.3) | − 3 | − 22 (1.35) |  | − 28 | − 6.5 | Newly diagnosed T2DM with/without hypercholesterolemia (9/17 patients) and/or family history of DM (9/17) |
– | M + A | 850 mg M + 10 mg A | 1.5 | 15 |  |  |  | ~− 13 (9.7) | − 16 | − 15 (1.7) |  | − 36 | − 11 | Newly diagnosed T2DM with/without hypercholesterolemia (14/15 patients) and/or family history of DM (15/15) | ||
6 | [137] | Metformin/statin/− | M + A | 500 mg M + 10 mg A | 3 | 213 | − 7 |  |  | − 35 (10.2) | − 23.1 | − 24 | − 31 | − 35 | 9 | T2DM patients receiving metformin slow release and newly diagnosed with dyslipidemia or on atorvastatin with newly diagnosed diabetes or patients with newly diagnosed diabetic dyslipidemia. BMI ≥ 25, FPG levels between 7.8 and 13.9 mmol/l, postprandial glucose levels > 11.1 mmol/l, HbA1c levels between 7–12% |
7 | [82] | Metformin | M + A | 2*1000 mg M + 20 mg A | 3 | 109 | − 2 |  |  | − 8 (7.8) | − 1 | − 12 (2.1) | − 9 | − 17 | 3 | Patients with a diagnosis of T2DM and treated with metformin |
8 | [143] | – | A | 20 mg A | 2 | 65 | − 7 |  |  | − 3 (5.9) | 2 | − 10 (1.9) | − 7 | − 16 | 0 | Non-diabetic overweight/obese patients with dyslipidemia |
– | M + A | 2*500 mg M + 20 mg A | 2 | 65 | − 6 |  |  | − 2 (5.7) | 2 | − 33 (1.9) | − 10 | − 16 | 10 | Non-diabetic overweight/obese patients with dyslipidemia | ||