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Table 4 Comparison of risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in relation to inflammatory markers (multivariate analysis)

From: Comparing the inflammatory profiles for incidence of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases: a prospective study exploring the ‘common soil’ hypothesis

Inflammatory markers

No. of subjects

Diabetes

Cardiovascular disease

p value for equal associationsc

Incidence

HR (95% CI)a

p b

Incidence

HR (95% CI)a

p b

In MDCSd

 Total leukocyte count

25,969

3819

1.118 (1.082, 1.154)

< 0.001

4548

1.114 (1.081, 1.148)

< 0.001

0.888

 Neutrophil count

25,969

3819

1.086 (1.052, 1.121)

< 0.001

4548

1.108 (1.076, 1.140)

< 0.001

0.365

 Lymphocyte count

25,969

3819

1.092 (1.060, 1.124)

< 0.001

4548

1.040 (1.012, 1.070)

< 0.001

0.020

 Mixed cell count

25,969

3819

1.054 (1.021, 1.087)

< 0.001

4548

1.050 (1.020, 1.080)

< 0.001

0.862

 NLR

25,969

3819

0.998 (0.966, 1.032)

0.929

4548

1.049 (1.020, 1.078)

< 0.001

0.025

In MDC–CVe

 Ceruloplasmin

4122

543

1.002 (0.912, 1.100)

0.971

678

1.087 (1.002, 1.179)

0.045

0.197

 Alpha1-antitrypsin

4299

583

1.025 (0.942, 1.116)

0.565

709

1.113 (1.033, 1.199)

0.005

0.154

 Orosomucoid

4322

591

1.118 (1.032, 1.211)

0.006

716

1.088 (1.011, 1.171)

0.024

0.626

 Haptoglobin

3991

520

1.110 (1.017, 1.210)

0.019

651

1.061 (0.979, 1.149)

0.149

0.455

 C3

4369

598

1.250 (1.160, 1.347)

< 0.001

722

1.076 (0.997, 1.161)

0.059

0.006

 CRP

4471

615

1.174 (1.076, 1.280)

< 0.001

729

1.116 (1.033, 1.206)

0.005

0.396

 SuPAR

4509

618

1.041 (0.956, 1.133)

0.360

751

1.137 (1.059, 1.221)

< 0.001

0.117

  1. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, NLR neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, CRP C-reactive protein, SuPAR soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor
  2. aAdjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals, per 1 standard deviation (all such values)
  3. bAnalysis by Cox proportional hazards model
  4. cp value associated with the null hypothesis that this variable has the same association with diabetes and cardiovascular disease, with all other effects being different; tests for all variables have 1 df
  5. dAdjusted for age, sex, waist circumference, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and anti-hypertensive drug medication
  6. eAdjusted for age, sex, waist circumference, smoking, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein, and anti-hypertensive drug medication