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Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to incidence of diabetes (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) during follow-up

From: Comparing the inflammatory profiles for incidence of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases: a prospective study exploring the ‘common soil’ hypothesis

In MDCS (n = 25,969) Group1 without DM or CVD Group2 incident DM alone Group3 incident CVD alone Group4 incident DM and CVD p for trenda
n = 18,584 n = 2837 n = 3566 n = 982
Age (years) 57.3 (57.2, 57.4)b 57.4 (57.1, 57.7)c 61.8 (61.6, 62.1)c 60.4 (59.9, 60.9) < 0.001
Sex (male, %) 33.1 44.3c 52.7c 56.4 < 0.001
Waist circumference (cm) 84.0 (83.9, 84.2) 91.6 (91.2, 91.9)c 85.2 (84.8, 85.5)c 91.8 (91.2, 92.4) < 0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 139.2 (138.9, 139.5) 145.2 (144.5, 145.8)c 143.9 (143.3, 144.5)c 149.5 (148.4, 150.7) < 0.001
Smokers (%) 27.4 27.9c 33.0c 34.2 < 0.001
Anti-hypertensive medication (%) 12.4 24.2c 21.2c 31.2 < 0.001
Total leukocyte count (109/L) 6.23 (6.21, 6.26) 6.59 (6.53, 6.66) 6.58 (6.52, 6.63) 6.82 (6.72, 6.92) < 0.001
Neutrophil count (109/L) 3.82 (3.80, 3.84) 4.01 (3.96, 4.06)c 4.07 (4.02, 4.11)c 4.21 (4.13, 4.29) < 0.001
Lymphocyte count (109/L) 1.90 (1.89, 1.91) 2.04 (2.02, 2.06)c 1.98 (1.95, 2.00)c 2.05 (2.01, 2.09) < 0.001
Mixed cell count (109/L) 0.517 (0.514, 0.520) 0.541 (0.534, 0.549) 0.537 (0.530, 0.543) 0.558 (0.545, 0.571) < 0.001
NLR 2.15 (2.14, 2.17) 2.10 (2.07, 2.14)c 2.20 (2.17, 2.23)c 2.18 (2.13, 2.24) 0.004
In MDC–CV (n = 4658) n = 3380 n = 495 n = 632 n = 151  
Age (years) 56.9 (56.6, 57.1) 56.7 (56.2, 57.2) 60.1 (59.6, 60.5) 59.3 (58.4, 60.2) < 0.001
Sex (male, %) 35.7 38.0c 52.1c 54.3 < 0.001
Waist circumference (cm) 83.3 (83.0, 83.6) 88.7 (87.9, 89.5) 84.4 (83.7, 85.2) 90.2 (88.7, 91.6) 0.007
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 139.2 (138.6, 139.8) 144.3 (142.7, 145.8) 144.2 (142.9, 145.6) 150.3 (147.5, 153.1) < 0.001
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) 4.12 (4.09, 4.16) 4.30 (4.21, 4.38) 4.19 (4.11, 4.27) 4.33 (4.17, 4.48) 0.112
Smokers (%) 21.5 22.2c 29.1c 27.8 < 0.001
Anti-hypertensive medication (%) 11.0 21.2c 18.7c 25.2 < 0.001
Ceruloplasmin (g/L) (missing = 536) 0.500 (0.496, 0.505) 0.503 (0.492, 0.514) 0.513 (0.503, 0.523) 0.516 (0.496, 0.537) 0.020
Alpha1-antitrypsin (g/L) (missing = 359) 1.20 (1.19, 1.21) 1.20 (1.17, 1.22)c 1.24 (1.22, 1.26)c 1.24 (1.19, 1.29) 0.002
Orosomucoid (g/L) (missing = 336) 0.693 (0.685, 0.700) 0.752 (0.732, 0.771) 0.731 (0.714, 0.748) 0.763 (0.728, 0.797) < 0.001
Haptoglobin (g/L) (missing = 667) 1.28 (1.26, 1.30) 1.36 (1.31, 1.42) 1.34 (1.29, 1.39) 1.46 (1.36, 1.55) 0.020
C3 (g/L) (missing = 289) 1.50 (1.49, 1.51) 1.66 (1.63, 1.69)c 1.54 (1.52, 1.57)c 1.68 (1.62, 1.73) 0.004
CRP (mg/L) (missing = 187) 2.25 (2.1, 2.39) 3.09 (2.71, 3.47)c 2.66 (2.31, 3.00)c 3.75 (3.05, 4.46) 0.030
SuPAR (ng/mL) (missing = 149) 2.93 (2.9, 2.96) 3.04 (2.96, 3.12) 3.16 (3.08, 3.23) 3.07 (2.92, 3.22) < 0.001
  1. NLR neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, CRP C-reactive protein, SuPAR soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor
  2. aAnalysis of covariance or multiple logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age and sex
  3. bGeometric mean (95% confidence interval) (all such values)
  4. cSignificant difference was found when participants with incident DM alone were compared with those with CVD alone
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840