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Table 1 Comparion of recent CV outcomes trials completed with GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors

From: Clinical application of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in cardiovascular disease: lessons from recent clinical cardiovascular outcomes trials

 

GLP-1RA

SGLT2 inhibitor

Once-daily

Once-weekly

ELIXA (lixisenatide)

LEADER (liraglutide)

SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide)

EXSCEL (exenatide)

EMPA-REG OUTCOME (empagliflozin)

CANVASa (canagliflozin)

Patient number

6058

9340

3297

14,752

7020

10,142

Median follow-up duration (years)

2.1

3.8

2.1

3.2

3.1

2.4

Key eligibility

T2D with recent ACS

T2D with high CV risk

T2D with high CV risk

T2D with high CV risk

T2D with previous CV disease

T2D with high CV risk

Prior CV disease (%)

100

81

60

73

99

66

Mean baseline HbA1c (%)

7.7

8.7

8.7

8.0

8.1

8.2

Metformin use (%)

66

76

73

77

74

77

Statin use (%)

93

72

73

74

77

75

RAAS inhibitor use (%)

85

83

84

80

81

80

Outcomes (HR [95% CI])

 MACEb

1.02 [0.89–1.17]

0.87 [0.78–0.97]

0.74 [0.58–0.95]

0.91 [0.83–1.00]

0.86 [0.74–0.99]

0.86 [0.75 – 0.97]

  CV death

0.98 [0.78–1.22]

0.78 [0.66–0.93]

0.98 [0.65–1.48]

0.88 [0.76–1.02]

0.62 [0.49 – 0.77]

0.87 [0.72–1.06]

  Myocardial infarction

1.03 [0.87–1.22]

0.86 [0.73–1.00]

0.74 [0.51–1.08]

0.97 [0.85–1.10]

0.87 [0.70–1.09]

0.85 [0.69–1.05]

  Stroke

1.12 [0.79–1.58]

0.86 [0.71–1.06]

0.61 [0.38–0.99]

0.85 [0.70–1.03]

1.18 [0.89–1.56]

0.90 [0.71–1.15]

 All-cause death

0.94 [0.78–1.13]

0.85 [0.74–0.97]

1.05 [0.74–1.50]

0.86 [0.77–0.97]

0.68 [0.57 – 0.82]

0.87 [0.74–1.01]

 Hospitalization for heart failure

0.96 [075–1.23]

0.87 [0.73–1.05]

1.11 [0.77–1.61]

0.94 [0.78–1.13]

0.65 [0.50 – 0.85]

0.67 [0.52 – 0.87]

 Composite renal outcomes

–

0.78 [0.67–0.92]

0.64 [0.46–0.88]

–

0.61 [0.53 – 0.70]

0.60 [0.47–0.77]

  1. Italic values indicate significance of p value (p < 0.05)
  2. ACS acute coronary syndrome, CI confidence interval, CV cardiovascular, GLP-1RA glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, MACE major adverse cardiovascular events, HR hazard ratio, RAAS renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, SGLT2 sodium-glucose cotransporter 2, T2D type 2 diabetes
  3. aPooled data from CANVAS and CANVAS-R
  4. b4-point MACE in the ELIXA trial and 3-point MACE in the other trials