Table 1 Overview of studies in the analysis
Author (year) | Country | Patients | % obese or reported BMI | % males | Age (years) | Diabetes duration (years) | Follow-up (years) | Time of data collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaboud (2016) [41] | Saudi Arabia | 748 | 64.3% | 42.4% | 57.9 | 13.3 | NR | Apr–Jun 2014 |
Alonso-Moran (2014) [42] | Spain | 134,421 | NR | 54.0% | NR | NR | NR | 2007–2011 |
Alwakeel (2008) [30] | Saudi Arabia | 1952 | 44.8% | 48.3% | 58.4 | 10.4 | 7.9 | Jan 1989–Jan 2004 |
Bhatti (2016) [26]a | India | 1522 | BMI = 26.7 ± 4.4 | 58.3% | 58.1 | 7.2 | NR | 2011–2014 |
Boonman-de Winter (2012) [38] | Netherlands | 581 | 28.1% | 53.4% | 71.6 | 5.5 | NR | Feb 2009–Mar 2010 |
Cardoso (2008) [31] | Brazil | 471 | NR | 34.2% | 60.5 | 9.3 | 4.8 | 1994–1996, 2001 |
Carnethon (2010) [32] | USA | 919 | BMI = 28.2 ± 4.9 | 53.4% | 72.8 | NR | 11.3 | (1989/92–93) through 2005 |
Carrasco-Sánchez (2014) [43] | Spain | 490 | BMI = 31.4 ± 14.23 | 44.3% | 76.6 | NR | NR | 2008–2011 |
Cheng (2014) [86] | China | 2834 | 91.6% | 51.8% | 58.5 | 7.0 | NR | Aug 2011–Mar 2012 |
Collier (2015) [27]a | Scotland | 7385 | 51.0% | NR | 64.3 | NR | NR | NR |
6032 | 57.5% | NR | 66.4 | NR | NR | NR | ||
Cortez-Dias (2010) [87] | Portugal | 3215 | 45.1% | 38.4% | 58.1 | NR | NR | Apr 2006–Nov 2007 |
Daghash (2007) [88] | Qatar | 180 | BMI = 30.35 ± 4.9 | 43.0% | 51.3 | NR | NR | May–Oct 2004 |
Doucet (2016) [89] | France | 987 | BMI = 29.7 ± 5.2 | 47.9% | 77.1 | 17.8 | NR | Jun 2009–Jul 2010 |
Eeg-Olofsson (2010) [33] | Sweden | 18,334 | BMI = 28.8 ± 5 | 56.7% | 64.0 | 8.0 | 5.6 | 1997–1998–2003 |
Farrell (2014) [90] | Ireland | 309 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Fu (2010) [91] | Spain, France, UK, Norway, Finland, Germany, Poland | 1942 | 52.9% | 64.4% | 64.5 | 6.2 | 2.8 | Jun 2006–Feb 2007 |
Giallauria (2015) [92] | Italy | 475 | NR | 74% | 69.7 | NR | NR | Jan 28–Feb 10, 2008 |
Glogner (2014) [40] | Sweden | 83,021 | BMI = 28.9 ± 5.04 | 55.3% | 65.8 | 7.6 | 7.2 | Enrolled: 1998–2003; through 2009 |
Gobardhan (2017) [93] | Netherlands | 318 | 53.0% | 50.9% | 52.3 | 11.0 | 10.0 | NR |
Gondim (2016) [94] | Brazil | 66 | BMI = 27.17 ± 4.62 | 43.9% | 64.6 | NR | NR | NR |
Hermans (2016) [95] | Belgium | 711 | BMI = 29.5 ± 5.8 | 66% | 67.0 | 16.0 | NR | NR |
Hunt (2014) [96] | USA | 1030 | BMI = 33.6 | 23.5% | 52.7 | 10.5 | NR | 1995–2003 |
Jackson (2012) [97] | Scotland | 216,652 | NR | 53.6% | ≥40 | NR | 4.5 | 2001–2007 |
Jurado (2009) [98] | Spain | 307 | 44.9% | 61.6% | 59.6 | 8.5 | NR | Nov 2001–Dec 2002 |
Kucharska-Newton (2010) [99] | USA | 209 | BMI = 31.0 ± 6.0 | 43.5% | 55.5 | NR | NR | 1987–1989–2001 |
Kwon (2014) [100] | Korea | 59 | NR | 59.3% | 64.5 | NR | 13.0 | Korea |
Lin (2013) [45] | USA | 162,332 | NR | NR | ≥18 | ≥2 | ≥2 | USA |
Liu (2015) [101] | China | 21,072 | NR | 53.9% | 63.7 | NR | NR | China |
Luo (2014) [102] | China | 4836 | BMI: 24.3 | 57.6% | 64.9 | NR | 1.0 | China |
MacDonald (2011) [103] | 247 countries | 669 | BMI = 31.2 ± 4.6 | 51.7% | 58.8 | 7.2 | 2.0 | 247 countries |
Malik (2015) [34] | Scotland | 121,523 | BMI = 31.7 ± 6.6 | 52.0% | 63.0 | 4.2 | 4.8 | Scotland |
Mansour (2013) [48] | Iraq | 1079 | 33.8% | 58.8% | 56.3 | 7.4 | NR | Iraq |
Mazza (2007) [104] | Italy | 581 | 30.1% | 34.8% | 74.3 | 20.3 | 12.0 | Italy |
Menghua (2014) [49] | China | 240 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | China |
Menzaghi (2014) [36] | Italy | 2094 | BMI = 29.1 ± 5.3 | 51.3% | 61.9 | 10.4 | 12.9 | Italy |
Mody (2007) [105] | USA | 4816 | NR | 34.4% | 50.9 | NR | NR | USA |
Mundet (2012) [106] | Spain | 4298 | BMI = 29.34 ± 4.84 | 48.2% | 67.4 | 8.4 | 10.0 | Spain |
Narksawat (2013) [107] | Thailand | 1505 | 32.2% | 30.4% | 63.3 | NR | NR | Thailand |
Norhammar (2016) [50] | Sweden | 352,436 | NR | 56.1% | 67.1 | NR | NR | Sweden |
Penno (2015) [108] | Italy | 11,538 | 34.5% | 52.9% | 65.5 | 12.5 | NR | Italy |
Rodriguez-Poncelas (2014) [109] | Spain | 1141 | 46.5% | 60.6% | 66.8 | 9.1 | NR | Feb–Jul 2011 |
Rossi (2011) [51] | Italy | 5181 | BMI = 29.8 ± 5.0 | 58.4% | 64.4 | 10.0 | 2.3 | (Jan 2006–Nov 2007), 2009 |
Salinero-Fort (2016) [35] | Spain | 3407 | BMI = 30.1 ± 4.9 | 50.3% | 69.0 | 9.1 | 5.0 | 2007 (2008–2012) |
Senthil (2014) [69] | India | 134 | NR | 72.1% | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Shestakova (2016) [29] | Russian Federation | 3,060,517 | NR | 28.3% | NR | NR | 1.0 | 2014–2015 |
Soetedjo (2014) [110] | Indonesia | 400 | 56.8% | 43.8% | 57.7 | 10.3 | NR | Dec 2013–Jun 2014 |
Song (2009) [46] | UK | 2733 | BMI = 33.4 ± 6.7 | NR | 64.2 | 12.7 | NR | 2008 |
Suh (2008) [111] | USA | 608 | 51.4% | 44.82% | 73.2 | 12.9 | 10.0 | 1999–2004 |
Tamba (2013) [37] | Cameroon | 132 | 30.0% | 56% | 58.0 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 2000–2009 |
Tan (2016) [28]a | Australia | 793 | 54.8% | 50.9% | 67.2 | 8.0 | 15.0 | 2008–2011 |
65 | 35.4% | 56.9% | 61.1 | 10.0 | 15.0 | |||
Utrera-Lagunas (2013) [112] | Mexico | 160 | 33.8% | 45.0% | 69.2 | 18.3 | NR | Feb 2011–Jan 2012 |
Vinagre (2012) [113] | Spain | 286,791 | 45.4% | 53.7% | 68.2 | 6.5 | NR | 2009 |
Wentworth (2012) [39] | Australia | 711 | >50% | 55.1% | 53.0 | 11.4 | NR | 1998–2011 |
Wong (2012) [114] | USA | 889 | NR | 46.2% | 60.6 | 13.3 | NR | 2003–2006 |
Yan (2015) [115] | Hong Kong | 10,952 | 63.6% | 56.1% | 58.2 | 7.0 | NR | Nov 2007–Jul 2012 |
Yang (2015) [47] | Korea | 595 | BMI = 24.29 ± 3.15 | 58.32% | 64.9 | 13.6 | NR | 2006–2010 |
Zekry (2012) [116] | Switzerland | 83 | BMI = 27.2 ± 4.9 | 36.1% | 84.2 | NR | 4.0 | Jan 2004–Dec 2005 |
57 studies | Total | 4549,481 | ||||||
Median | 1030 | 45.4% | 52.0% | 64.3 | 10.0 | 6.0 | ||
Average | 77,110 | 47.0% | 50.5% | 63.6 | 10.4 | 7.3 | ||
SD (range) | (59–3,060,517) | 14.7% | 10.3% | 6.9 | 3.7 | 4.5 |