Table 3 Clinical and biological characteristics associated with incidence of major amputation
Variables | HR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|
Male gender | 5.29 (2.38–11.75) | < 0.0001 |
Age (years) | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) | 0.031 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.97 (0.92–1.01) | 0.185 |
Active smoking | 1.82 (0.91–3.63) | 0.089 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 0.643 |
SBP (mmHg) | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) | 0.0001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) | 0.596 |
Diabetes duration (per year) | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | 0.014 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.24 (0.60–2.57) | 0.554 |
HbA1c (%) | 0.88 (0.72–1.07) | 0.217 |
eGFR, ml min−1 (1.73 m)−2 | 0.97 (0.96–0.98) | < 0.0001 |
Microangiopathy components | ||
uACR (reference < 3 mg/mmol)a | < 0.0001 | |
3–30 mg/mmol | 2.12 (0.91–4.89) | |
> 30 mg/mmol | 6.64 (3.11–14.20) | |
Severe diabetic retinopathy | 2.51 (1.35–4.64) | 0.003 |
Macular edema | 2.13 (1.07–4.25) | 0.032 |
Macroangiopathy components | ||
Ischemic heart disease | 1.14 (0.62–2.12) | 0.667 |
Carotid artery disease | 1.15 (0.54–2.45) | 0.715 |
Peripheral artery disease | 12.05 (6.87–21.12) | < 0.0001 |
Biological markers | ||
TNFR1α (per 10 log pg/ml) | 1.37 (1.26–1.48) | <0.0001 |
ANGPTL2 (per 10 log ng/ml) | 1.33 (1.20–1.48) | < 0.0001 |