Skip to main content

Table 1 Clinical and biological characteristics associated with incidence of minor amputation

From: Influence of micro- and macro-vascular disease and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 on the level of lower-extremity amputation in patients with type 2 diabetes

Variable

HR (95% CI)

p value

Male gender

5.28 (2.05–13.57)

0.0005

Age (per year)

1.02 (0.98–1.05)

0.198

BMI, kg/m2

0.99 (0.94–1.04)

0.740

Active smoking

1.01 (0.36–2.85)

0.984

Heart rate (bpm)

1.01 (0.98–1.03)

0.417

SBP (mmHg)

1.03 (1.01–1.05)

0.0003

DBP (mmHg)

1.04 (1.00–1.06)

0.015

Diabetes duration (per year)

1.01 (0.98–1.05)

0.425

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)

2.77 (0.31–25.00)

0.364

HbA1c (%)

1.05 (0.85–1.29)

0.663

eGFR, ml min−1 (1.73 m)−2

0.98 (0.97–0.99)

0.008

Microangiopathy components

 uACR (reference < 3 mg/mmol)a

 

0.0007

 3–30 mg/mmol

2.15 (0.83–5.55)

 

 > 30 mg/mmol

5.20 (2.15–12.55)

 

 Severe diabetic retinopathy

4.14 (2.10–8.15)

< 0.0001

 Macular edema

3.49 (1.66–7.34)

0.001

Macroangiopathy components

 Ischemic heart disease

1.09 (0.53–2.26)

0.805

 Carotid artery disease

1.98 (0.91–4.36)

0.085

 Peripheral artery disease

6.86 (3.41–13.81)

< 0.0001

Biological markers

 TNFR1α (per 10 log pg/ml)

1.29 (1.14–1.46)

< 0.0001

 ANGPTL2 (per 10 log ng/ml)

1.29 (1.16–1.43)

< 0.0001

  1. Data presented here are univariate Cox proportional hazard model. Italic data indicate p values < 0.05
  2. BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, uACR urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
  3. aMissing data at baseline for 149 patients