Antidiabetic treatment patterns and specialty care utilization among patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Table 2 Antidiabetic medication treatment patterns stratified by cardiovascular disease (CVD) status

Medication^a	No established CVD N = 54,659	Established CVD N = 40,910	P value^†
No OAD	17,984 (32.9%)	17,137 (41.9%)	< 0.001
OAD	36,675 (67.1%)	23,773 (58.1%)
1 OAD	23,166 (63.2%)	14,889 (62.6%)	< 0.001
2 OAD	9540 (26.0%)	6574 (27.7%)	< 0.001
≥ 3 OAD	3969 (10.8%)	2310 (9.7%)	< 0.001
Insulin	6211 (11.4%)	7472 (18.3%)	< 0.001
GLP-1RA	2978 (5.4%)	1685 (4.1%)	< 0.001
Liraglutide	1683 (3.1%)	916 (2.2%)	< 0.001
SGLT-2i	2265 (4.1%)	1042 (2.5%)	< 0.001
Empagliflozin	462 (0.8%)	209 (0.5%)	< 0.001
Canagliflozin	1348 (2.5%)	691 (1.7%)	< 0.001
Other ADD	1101 (2%)	853 (2.1%)	0.444

OADs: biguanide (metformin), sulfonylurea, thiazolidinedione, dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitor, alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor
Other ADD-other antidiabetic drug: pramlintide, name brand bromocriptine (Cycloset^®), colesevelam, nateglinide or repaglinide
ADD antidiabetic drug, CVD cardiovascular disease, GLP-1RA glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, OAD oral antidiabetic drug
^†Categorical variables were evaluated for association using the Chi squared test; continuous variables were tested using the Mann–Whitney U test
^aMedication categories are not mutually exclusive, and patients could be represented in more than one category (“OAD” sub-categories by number of OADs are mutually exclusive within that category)

ISSN: 1475-2840