Variables | All patients n = 26,742 | Met+SU users n = 24,277 (%) | Met+AGI users n = 808 (%) | Met+TZD users n = 581 (%) | Met+glinide users n = 962 (%) | Met+DPP-4I users n = 114 (%) | p value (5 groups) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient characteristics | |||||||
 Age, years | 56.4 (11.8) | 56.3 (11.7) | 56.3 (13.1) | 56.4 (12.0) | 57.8 (12.8) | 56.2 (12.8) | 0.004 |
 Male | 14,083 (52.7) | 12,842 (52.9) | 366 (45.3) | 313 (53.9) | 505 (52.5) | 57 (50.0) | 0.0009 |
 Diabetes durationa, years | 2.5 (2.9) | 2.4 (2.8) | 3.6 (3.5) | 3.3 (3.5) | 3.1 (3.5) | 4.8 (4.3) | < 0.0001 |
 Follow up duration, years | 6.6 (3.4) | 6.8 ± 3.4 | 4.7 ± 2.5 | 4.9 ± 2.6 | 5.6 ± 2.7 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | < 0.0001 |
Co-morbidities | |||||||
 COPD | 8641 (32.3) | 7770 (32.0) | 299 (37.0) | 194 (33.4) | 329 (34.2) | 49 (43.0) | 0.0019 |
 CKD | 316 (1.2) | 271 (1.1) | 12 (1.5) | 11 (1.9) | 17 (1.8) | 5 (4.4) | 0.002 |
 Hypertension | 16,028 (60.0) | 14,393 (59.3) | 563 (69.7) | 395 (68.0) | 599 (62.3) | 78 (68.4) | < 0.0001 |
 Hyperlipidemia | 15,443 (57.8) | 13,794 (56.8) | 589 (72.9) | 404 (69.5) | 571 (59.4) | 85 (74.6) | < 0.0001 |
 Heart failureb | 1118 (4.2) | 989 (4.1) | 42 (5.2) | 22 (3.8) | 55 (5.7) | 10 (8.8) | 0.005 |
Medications | |||||||
 ACEIs/ARBs | 11,945 (44.7) | 10,609 (43.7) | 452 (55.9) | 334 (57.5) | 482 (50.1) | 68 (59.7) | < 0.0001 |
 Alpha blockers | 3396 (12.7) | 2999 (12.4) | 121 (15.0) | 108 (18.6) | 147 (15.3) | 21 (18.4) | < 0.0001 |
 Beta blockers | 13,393 (50.1) | 11,966 (49.3) | 516 (63.9) | 326 (56.1) | 513 (53.3) | 72 (63.2) | <0.0001 |
 CCB | 13,034 (48.7) | 11,662 (48.0) | 483 (59.8) | 320 (55.1) | 499 (51.9) | 70 (61.4) | < 0.0001 |
 Diuretics | 9434 (35.3) | 8428 (34.7) | 352 (43.6) | 229 (39.4) | 378 (39.3) | 47 (41.2) | < 0.0001 |
 Aspirin | 8957 (33.5) | 7939 (32.7) | 348 (43.1) | 246 (42.3) | 376 (39.1) | 48 (42.1) | < 0.0001 |
 Clopidogrel | 304 (1.1) | 237 (1.0) | 32 (4.0) | 13 (2.2) | 17 (1.8) | 5 (4.4) | < 0.0001 |
 Warfarin | 176 (0.7) | 152 (0.6) | 10 (1.2) | 4 (0.7) | 10 (1.0) | 0 | 0.11 |
 Statins | 7419 (27.7) | 6408 (26.4) | 359 (44.4) | 270 (46.5) | 325 (33.8) | 57 (50.0) | < 0.0001 |
 Fibrates | 6282 (23.5) | 5623 (23.2) | 245 (30.3) | 165 (28.4) | 213 (22.1) | 36 (31.6) | < 0.0001 |