Table 1 Baseline characteristics of normal controls and T2DM patients
From: Impact of overweight on left ventricular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus
|
Controls (n = 90) |
T2DM patients (n = 145) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical data | |||
| Age, years | 57 ± 15 | 60 ± 13 | 0.08 |
| Female, n (%) | 50 (56) | 67 (46) | 0.16 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.0 ± 3.9 | 25.4 ± 5.0 | < 0.05 |
| Body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2, n (%) | 14 (16) | 70 (48) | < 0.05 |
| Body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2, n (%) | 3 (3) | 27 (19) | < 0.05 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 122 ± 14 | 129 ± 20 | < 0.05 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 72 ± 11 | 74 ± 12 | 0.27 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 67 ± 11 | 75 ± 12 | < 0.05 |
| Echocardiography | |||
| LV end systolic volume, mL | 26 ± 9 | 26 ± 10 | 0.82 |
| LV end diastolic volume, mL | 74 ± 22 | 75 ± 21 | 0.68 |
| LV ejection fraction, % | 66 ± 5 | 66 ± 5 | 0.93 |
| Stroke volume, mL | 67 ± 14 | 63 ± 13 | < 0.05 |
| Left atrial volume index, mL/m2 | 26 ± 9 | 30 ± 9 | < 0.05 |
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 71 ± 19 | 79 ± 21 | < 0.05 |
| E/e′ | 8.4 ± 2.5 | 10.7 ± 4.0 | < 0.05 |
| e′ | 9.0 ± 3.1 | 6.0 ± 1.6 | < 0.01 |
| Global longitudinal strain, % | 20.3 ± 2.0 | 18.0 ± 2.6 | < 0.05 |