Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia and the healthy controls
| Â | DM patients | Healthy controls | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 52.3 ± 9.9 | 52.0 ± 7.7 | NS |
Height (cm) | 164.2 ± 9.4 | 165.4 ± 9.6 | NS |
Weight (kg) | 66.8 ± 12.4 | 66.7 ± 11.0 | NS |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.6 ± 2.8 | 24.2 ± 1.9 | NS |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 233.4 ± 36.5 | 183.8 ± 20.4 | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 230.5 ± 95.8 | 110.7 ± 48.6 | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides at 2 h during MMT (mg/dL) | 298.6 ± 128.4 | 132.1 ± 54.2 | < 0.001 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 42.4 ± 5.2 | 58.2 ± 13.1 | < 0.001 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 147.2 ± 26.5 | 96.2 ± 19.2 | < 0.001 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 173.8 ± 63.9 | 92.0 ± 7.6 | < 0.001 |
Postprandial 2 h glucose (mg/dL) | 282.0 ± 97.1 | 103.2 ± 19.9 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 8.3 ± 2.0 | 5.3 ± 0.2 | < 0.001 |
Fasting plasma insulin (μIU/L) | 10.3 ± 4.9 | 8.2 ± 3.0 | 0.097 |
HOMA-IR | 4.3 ± 2.2 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | < 0.001 |
HOMA-β | 44.8 ± 27.4 | 104.0 ± 36.9 | < 0.001 |
AST (IU/mL) | 25.3 ± 11.1 | 25.9 ± 22.2 | 0.915 |
ALT (IU/mL) | 32.3 ± 22.4 | 19.4 ± 11.9 | 0.029 |
Creatinine (mg/mL) | 0.81 ± 0.18 | 0.78 ± 0.15 | 0.489 |
hsCRP (mg/dL)a | 0.47 ± 1.40 | 0.07 ± 0.06 | 0.003 |
ADMA (mmol/L) | 432.0 ± 48.7 | 374.5 ± 63.3 | 0.003 |
ADMA at 2 h during MMT (mmol/L) | 458.3 ± 42.2 | 383.5 ± 63.4 | < 0.001 |
PON-1 (μg/mL) | 11.9 ± 2.2 | 13.5 ± 2.9 | 0.048 |
PON-1 at 2 h during MMT (μg/mL) | 10.6 ± 1.4 | 13.8 ± 4.3 | 0.003 |
Microvascular reactivity using laser Doppler flowmetry | |||
 Increase after ischemic challenge (%) | 335.3 ± 123.4 | 579.3 ± 261.3 | 0.001 |