Substantial fibrin amyloidogenesis in type 2 diabetes assessed using amyloid-selective fluorescent stains

Table 2 Results from coefficient of variation (CV calculated from confocal micrographs of clots from healthy and diabetes plasma)

Confocal data analysis
Confocal data: young (n = 17) versus old (= 17) healthy individuals
	Marker	Healthy clot CV data (age-controlled for T2D)	Healthy young clot CV data	P
%; median; STD	ThT	1.30 (± 0.61)	1.42 (± 0.64)	P = 0.21
	Amytracker 480	0.89 (± 0.48)	0.78 (± 1.04)	P = 0.08
	Amytracker 680	1.30 (± 0.46)	1.34 (± 0.77)	P = 0.94

Confocal data: Age-controlled healthy individuals (n = 17) versus type 2 diabetes individuals (N = 33)
	Marker	Healthy clot CV data (age-controlled)	Type 2 diabetes clot CV data	P
Median; STD	ThT	1.30 (± 0.61)	2.52 (± 1.16)	P < 0.0001
	Amytracker 480	0.89 (± 0.48)	1.44 (± 0.50)	P < 0.0001
	Amytracker 680	1.30 (± 0.46)	2.30 (± 0.67)	P < 0.0001

Confocal data: Treated versus untreated diabetes data (n = 15)
	Marker	Untreated T2D	T2D plasma treated with 8 ng L⁻¹ LBP and 250 µM ergothioneine	P
Median; STD	ThT	2.23 (± 1.21)	1.58 (± 0.78)	P = 0.0008
	Amytracker 480	1.25 (± 0.42)	1.25 (± 0.54)	P = 0.37
	Amytracker 680	1.91 (± 0.73)	1.37 (± 0.55)	P = 0.0009

	Marker	Untreated T2D	T2D plasma treated with 20 ng L⁻¹ LBP and 250 µM ergothioneine	P
Median; STD	ThT	2.23 (± 1.21)	1.75 (± 0.61)	P = 0.007
	Amytracker 480	1.25 (± 0.42)	0.90 (± 0.34)	P = 0.0001
	Amytracker 680	1.91 (± 0.73)	1.50 (± 0.37)	P = 0.0002

	Marker	Untreated T2D	T2D plasma treated with 30 ng L⁻¹ LBP	P
Median; STD	ThT	2.23 (± 1.21)	1.87 (± 0.60)	P = 0.033
	Amytracker 480	1.25 (± 0.42)	1.45 (± 2.98)	P = 0.036
	Amytracker 680	1.91 (± 0.73)	1.70 (± 0.60)	P = 0.042

Statistical analysis was performed with the Mann–Whitney U test, using the STATSDIRECT (version 2.8.0) software

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