| T2DM subjects (n = 40) | Non-diabetic subjects (n = 36) | P value* | Correlation coefficient with HDL anti-inflammatory capacity | P value** |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 60 ± 10 | 52 ± 9 | < 0.001 | 0.008 | 0.94 |
Sex (men/women) | 19/21 | 8/28 | 0.039 | Â | Â |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 145 ± 20 | 129 ± 20 | 0.001 | 0.253 | 0.028 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 87 ± 9 | 81 ± 12 | 0.039 | 0.184 | 0.054 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.9 ± 4.9 | 25.2 ± 4.1 | 0.001 | 0.302 | 0.008 |
Waist (cm) | 99 ± 14 | 83 ± 13 |  | 0.375 | 0.001 |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 8.8 ± 2.3 | 5.6 ± 0.7 | < 0.001 | 0.614 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 50 ± 8 | 34 ± 3 | < 0.001 | 0.432 | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.54 ± 0.97 | 5.58 ± 0.89 | 0.87 | − 0.024 | 0.84 |
Non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.24 ± 1.05 | 3.98 ± 1.00 | 0.27 | 0.072 | 0.54 |
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.41 ± 0.88 | 3.38 ± 0.88 | 0.91 | − 0.024 | 0.84 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.30 ± 0.39 | 1.60 ± 0.35 | 0.001 | − 0.242 | 0.035 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.67 (1.22–2.16) | 1.15 (0.88–1.75) | 0.004 | 0.258 | 0.025 |
ApoB (g/L) | 0.97 ± 0.24 | 0.88 ± 0.22 | 0.095 | 0.120 | 0.30 |
ApoA-I (g/L) | 1.36 ± 0.26 | 1.48 ± 0.20 | 0.038 | − 0.140 | 0.22 |
PON-1 activity (U/L) | 111.2 ± 38.1 | 131.2 ± 36.3 | 0.023 | − 0.291 | 0.011 |
hs-CRP (mg/L) | 1.58 (0.99–2.85) | 0.94 (0.42–2.47) | 0.043 | 0.253 | 0.029 |
SAA (mg/L) | 1.71 (1.25–2.48) | 1.58 (0.82–2.18) | 0.25 | 0.211 | 0.067 |
TNF-α (ng/L) | 3.50 (2.80–5.20) | 2.95 (2.40–3.48) | 0.005 | 0.240 | 0.038 |
HDL anti-inflammatory capacity (fold increase in VCAM-1 mRNA expression) | 3.18 (2.17–4.33) | 1.05 (0.63–1.38) | < 0.001 |  |  |